碳离子束辐照对马铃薯组培苗生长及生理特性的影响  

Effects of carbon ion beam irradiation on the growth,physiological characteristics of potato tissue culture plantlets

作　　者：王琦 杨江伟[1,2] 许超丽 周利斌 张宁[1,2] 司怀军[1,2] WANG Qi;YANG Jiangwei;XU Chaoli;ZHOU Libin;ZHANG Ning;SI Huaijun(College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Biophysics Group,Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,兰州730070 [3]中国科学院近代物理研究所生物物理室,兰州730000

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2024年第1期73-78,共6页Journal of Biology

基　　金：甘肃省科技重大专项计划项目(GZGG-2021-6);科技部对发展中国家科技援助项目(KY201901015);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(Y201974)。

摘　　要：为研究高能碳离子束对马铃薯组培苗茎切段的影响,以马铃薯品种‘新大坪’的组培苗茎切段为研究材料,设置4个辐照剂量梯度对其进行辐照处理,测定植株致死率、生根率、侧芽形成率、形态变异率以及叶片生理指标,确定‘新大坪’组培苗茎切段的半致死辐照剂量。结果表明:辐照剂量与致死率之间的关系呈正相关性;组培苗茎切段的再生植株表型变化主要为叶片不对称、叶缘不规则、茎变异伸长、叶片丛生和叶片粘连等;随辐照剂量升高,超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性呈先升后降的趋势;丙二醛含量则呈先升后降,随后又升高的现象。利用线性回归方程计算‘新大坪’的半致死辐照剂量为20.37 Gy。To explore the effect of high-energy carbon ion beam on the stem section of potato tissue culture seedlings,this study took the stem section of potato variety“Xindaping”as the research material,four high-energy carbon ion beams with radiation dose gradient were selected.The plant lethal rate,rooting rate,lateral bud formation rate,morphological variation rate and leaf physiological and biochemical indicators were measured after irradiated.The semi-lethal radiation dose of the stem section of“Xindaping”tissue culture seedlings was determined.The results showed that there was a positive correlation between irradiation dose and lethal rate.The phenotypic changes of regenerated plants in stem segments of tissue culture seedlings were mainly as follows:asymmetric leaves,irregular leaf margins,variant elongation of stems,clustered leaves and adhesion of leaves.With the increase of irradiation dose,the activities of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase and catalase increased first and then decreased.The content of malondialdehyde increased first,then decreased,and last increased again.The semi-lethal irradiation dose of“Xindaping”was calculated by linear regression equation to be 20.37 Gy.

关 键 词：高能碳离子束 马铃薯组培苗 辐照 半致死辐照剂量 生理特性 

分 类 号：Q947[生物学—植物学]