2018—2022年广西壮族自治区柳州市围产儿出生缺陷医院监测结果分析  

Analysis on surveillance data of perinatal birth defects in Liuzhou,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,2018−2022

作　　者：雷金梦 农铮 关海滨 曾定元 蒋明娟 周波[1] LEI Jin Meng;NONG Zheng;GUAN Hai Bin;ZENG Ding Yuan;JIANG Ming Juan;ZHOU Bo(Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China;Liuzhou Hospital,Guangzhou Women and Childen’s Medical Center,Liuzhou 545616,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China;Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital,Liuzhou 545001,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China;Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology,Liuzhou 545001,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学,广西南宁530021 [2]广州市妇女儿童医疗中心柳州医院,广西柳州545616 [3]柳州市妇幼保健院,广西柳州545001 [4]广西妇产疾病临床医学研究中心,广西柳州545001

出　　处：《中国妇幼卫生杂志》2024年第1期43-47,共5页Chinese Journal of Women and Children Health

基　　金：广西科技计划项目——广西妇产疾病临床医学研究中心(桂科AD22035223)。

摘　　要：目的了解2018—2022年广西壮族自治区柳州市围产儿出生缺陷发生特征及变化趋势,为科学防控出生缺陷提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法,对2018—2022年在广西壮族自治区柳州市各助产机构出生的孕满28周至产后7 d内的围产儿出生缺陷监测数据进行分析。结果2018—2022年柳州市围产儿212475例,出生缺陷儿3406例,总出生缺陷发生率为160.30/万,出生缺陷发生率先下降后上升。男婴出生缺陷平均发生率为176.06/万,女婴出生缺陷平均发生率为142.43/万,男婴出生缺陷发生率高于女婴(χ^(2)=36.821,P<0.001);≥35岁母亲子代出生缺陷发生率(201.91/万)较年轻母亲高,孕1次(174.44/万)和产1次(189.21/万)的母亲子代出生缺陷发生率均高于孕产≥2次的母亲,多胎出生缺陷发生率(433.66/万)高于单胎(152.65/万),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。发生率较高的前5位出生缺陷为先天性心脏病(68.95/万)、多指/多趾(31.06/万)、尿道下裂(9.51/万)、并指/并趾(9.08/万)、外耳其他畸形(8.71/万)。结论2018—2022年柳州市围产儿出生缺陷发生率仍处于较高水平,以先天性心脏病与多指/多趾为高发。建议进一步加强和完善该地区出生缺陷防控三级预防体系建设,以进一步预防出生缺陷的发生。Objective To explore the trend and epidemiological features of perinatal birth defects in Liuzhou,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2018 to 2022,so as to provide evidence for scientific prevention and control of birth defects.Methods Retrospective research method was used to analyze perinatal birth defect surveillance data,which were born in various midwifery institutions from 28 weeks to 7 days postpartum at Liuzhou,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,2018−2022.Results Totally,3406 infants with birth defects were found among 212475 perinatal newborns from 2018 to 2022,and the incidence of birth defects was 160.30/10000.The incidence of birth defects first declined and then rose.The average incidence of birth defects of boy was 176.06/10000,which was significantly higher than that of girl(142.43/10000)(χ^(2)=36.821,P<0.001).Higher incidence of birth defects showed in the offspring of mothers aged≥35 years(201.91/10000)compared to younger mothers(P<0.05).The incidence of birth defects in the offspring of mothers who had 1 pregnancy(174.44/10000)and 1 birth(189.21/10000)was higher than that of mothers who had≥2 pregnancies and births(P<0.05).The incidence of birth defects in multiple births(433.66/10000)was higher than that in singleton births(152.65/10000)(P<0.05).The top 5 birth defects were congenital heart diseases(68.95/10000),multiple fingers/toes(31.06/10000),hypospadias(9.15/10000),syndactyly(9.08/10000)and other outer ear deformities(8.71/10000).Conclusion The incidence of perinatal birth defects remains at a relatively high level in Liuzhou,2018−2022.Congenital heart diseases and multiple fingers/toes are the most common birth defects.It is recommended to further improve the construction of the three-tier prevention system for birth defect prevention and control.

关 键 词：围产儿 出生缺陷 发生率 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]