基于互谱矩阵估计的泄漏源超声阵列定位技术研究  

Research on leakage source ultrasonic array localization technology based on cross spectral matrix estimation

作　　者：田野 陈海艳 赵敏 方军 徐刚 孙守宇 王晓航 TIAN Ye;CHEN Haiyan;ZHAO Min;FANG Jun;XU Gang;SUN Shouyu;WANG Xiaohang(West Pipeline Company of PipeChina,Urumqi 830013,China;Beijing Sheng Chuang New Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100085,China;China Classifacation Society Certification Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100006,China)

机构地区：[1]国家管网集团西部管道有限责任公司,乌鲁木齐830013 [2]北京声创新技术发展有限责任公司,北京100085 [3]中国船级社质量认证有限公司,北京100006

出　　处：《压力容器》2023年第12期71-79,共9页Pressure Vessel Technology

基　　金：国家管网集团西部管道公司科技开发项目“输气站场和阀室泄漏超声检测产品国产化合作研发与应用”(XG-JCGL-CX-KJXX-01-JL-03/201912)。

摘　　要：针对天然气站场微小泄漏源准确定位的难题,分析了基于时延估计的波达方向计算原理;提出了基于互谱矩阵的延迟估计方法;设计了三角形超声阵列泄漏检测系统,根据西气东输某压气站真实背景噪声下的模拟泄漏测试数据,对比分析了互相关、广义互相关和互谱矩阵3种算法的定位精度,结果表明,超声阵列泄漏检测系统在探测半径为20 m范围内时,基于互谱矩阵算法的泄漏源定向误差均值小于2°,2个超声阵列传感器空间交汇定位误差为0.61 m,显著优于互相关和广义互相关经典算法。系统抗干扰能力强,具有在正常生产工况下对2 mm口径微小泄漏准确定位的能力,研究成果为天然气站场泄漏点准确定位提供了一种切实可行的技术方案。In order to address the difficulty of precisely pinpointing minor gas leaks within natural gas stations,the wave arrival direction computation principles based on delay estimation were analyzed;The time-delay estimation technique based on cross-spectra matrix was proposed.A triangular ultrasonic array leak detection system was designed.According to the simulated leakage test data within the actual ambient noise environment of a designated West-East Gas Pipeline compression station,a thorough comparative analysis was conducted among three algorithms:cross-correlation,generalized cross-correlation,and cross-spectral matrix.The results show that,when the ultrasonic array leak detection system lies within the range of detection radius of 20 m,the mean directional error of the leak source based on the cross-spectral matrix algorithm is less than 2°.Furthermore,the spatial intersection positioning error between two ultrasonic array sensors is merely 0.61 m,which is significantly better than classical algorithms such as cross-correlation and generalized cross-correlation.The system demonstrates robust anti-interference capabilities.Notably,the system shows its capability in accurately locating minor leaks with a 2 mm aperture under normal production conditions.These research findings provides a practically feasible technical solution for precise leak point positioning within natural gas station facilities.

关 键 词：超声波 阵列 互谱矩阵 时延估计 波达方向 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG115.28[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]