基于生态位模型的南、北五味子潜在适生区预测及其影响因子研究  

Prediction of potential distribution of Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra sphenanthera based on MaxEnt model and analysis of its important influencing factors

作　　者：张迪[1,2] 薛明珂 刘明 尚晓峰[1] 张旭彤[1] 刘金娜[1] ZHANG Di;XUE Ming-ke;LIU Ming;SHANG Xiao-feng;ZHANG Xu-tong;LIU Jin-na(Yangling Vocational&Technical College,Yangling 712100,Shannxi,China;Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2024年第1期116-121,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省教育厅2019年度专项科学研究计划项目(19JK0984);杨凌职业技术学院“博士+高职生”工作室建设项目(BG202005;BG2022003);杨凌职业技术学院自然科学研究基金项目(ZK20-73);杨凌职业技术学院基地建设项目(JD20-02)。

摘　　要：基于184条南五味子(Schisandra sphenanthera)地理分布记录、129条北五味子(Schisandra chinensis)地理分布记录以及23个环境因子数据,采用MaxEnt生态位模型预测南、北五味子潜在适宜分布区,评估了制约其地理分布的主要环境因子。结果表明,北五味子和南五味子MaxEnt模型训练集和验证集曲线下面积(AUC)均大于0.90,建立的模型预测结果准确。北五味子最佳生境主要分布在辽宁省和吉林省的长白山区域以及北京市;南五味子的最佳生境主要分布在秦巴山区内,以及湖南省武陵山脉,郴州市、株洲市和衡阳市,浙江省金华市等地区。限制北五味子生长的重要环境因子变量分别是最湿月份降水量、最热月份最高温度、土壤酸碱度、最暖季平均降水量、最冷季平均降水量和昼夜温差月均值;限制南五味子分布的环境因子变量分别是最冷月份最低温温度、年平均降水量、温度变化方差和降水量变化方差。南、北五味子的潜在适生区呈区域化分布。Based on the geographical distribution records of 184 Schisandra sphenanthera,129 Schisandra chinensis and 23 environ-mental factors,the maximum entropy(MaxEnt)ecological niche model was used to predict the potential suitable distribution areas of Schisandra sphenanthera and Schisandra chinensis.The main environmental factors restricting their geographical distribution were eval-uated.The results showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of the training set and verification set of MaxEnt model of Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra sphenanthera were both greater than 0.90,and the prediction results of established models were accurate.The best habitats of Schisandra chinensis were mainly distributed in Changbai Mountain area of Liaoning Province and Jilin Province and Beijing City.The best habitats of Schisandra sphenanthera mainly distributed in Qinba Mountain area,Wuling Mountain Range of Hu-nan Province,Chenzhou City,Zhuzhou City and Hengyang City,Jinhua City of Zhejiang Province and other areas.The important envi-ronmental factors limiting the growth of Schisandra chinensis were precipitation in the wettest month,maximum temperature in the hot-test month,soil pH,average precipitation in the warmest season,average precipitation in the coldest season and the monthly mean temperature difference between day and night.The environmental factors limiting the distribution of Schisandra sphenanthera were the lowest temperature in the coldest month,the average annual precipitation,the variance of temperature change and the variance of pre-cipitation change.The potentially suitable areas of Schisandra sphenanthera and Schisandra chinensis showed regional distribution.

关 键 词：南五味子(Schisandra sphenanthera) 北五味子(Schisandra chinensis) MaxEnt模型 潜在适生区 环境因子 

分 类 号：S567.5[农业科学—中草药栽培]