高镁磷尾矿硝酸分解过程研究  

Study on Nitric Acid Decomposition Process of High Magnesium Phosphorus Tailings

作　　者：何东升[1,2] 朱秀雯 周雪娜 裴丰 郭忠 唐远 李智力 HE Dong-sheng;ZHU Xiu-wen;ZHOU Xue-na;PEI Feng;GUO Zhong;TANG Yuan;LI Zhi-li(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Hubei Wuhan 430074;Yunnan Phosphorus Resource Technology Innovation Center,Yunnan Kunming 650600;Hubei Yihua Chemical Technology Reasearch and Development Co.,Ltd.,Hubei Yichang 443208,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学资源与安全工程学院,湖北武汉430073 [2]云南省磷资源技术创新中心,云南昆明650600 [3]湖北宜化化工科技研发有限公司,湖北宜昌443208

出　　处：《广州化工》2023年第18期28-31,共4页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

基　　金：湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T2021006);武汉工程大学科学基金研究项目(K2021099);云南省磷资源技术创新中心资助项目(202305AK340002-4)。

摘　　要：在磷尾矿回收利用过程中,酸解是至关重要的一步,而酸解的效率往往并不理想。针对该问题,以湖北某高镁磷尾矿为对象,对其硝酸分解过程的反应热力学进行了分析,研究了不同参数条件对磷尾矿硝酸分解效果的影响,并对酸浸液和酸浸渣进行了成分分析。研究结果表明:在硝酸溶液体系下,高镁磷尾矿的分解反应在常温下可自发进行,液固比为3.8∶1,硝酸浓度为34%的条件下,磷尾矿的分解效率最高,达到了91.84%,此时白云石基本已溶解完全,而部分氟磷灰石未完全溶解。Acid hydrolysis is an important step during the process of phosphate tailings recycling.However,the efficiency of acid hydrolysis is often not ideal.To solve this problem,a high-magnesium phosphorus tailing in Hubei was chosen to analyze the reaction thermodynamics of its nitric acid decomposition process.The effects of different parameters on the nitric acid decomposition of phosphorus tailings were studied.Besides,the components of the acid leaching solution and acid leaching residue were analyzed.The results showed that the decomposition reaction of high magnesium phosphorus tailings could proceed spontaneously at room temperature in the nitric acid solution system.Under the conditions of leaching time of 90 min,liquid-solid ratio of 3.8∶1,and nitric acid concentration of 34%,the decomposition efficiency of phosphorus tailings was the highest,reaching 91.84%.At this time,the dolomite was basically completely dissolved,while part of the fluoroapatite was not completely dissolved.

关 键 词：高镁磷尾矿 硝酸溶液 分解 酸浸渣 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿]