三维基因组学在畜禽遗传育种中的应用  

Application of Three-dimensional Genomics in Animal Genetics and Breeding

作　　者：陈傲 孙东晓[1] 韩博[1] CHEN Ao;SUN Dongxiao;HAN Bo(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2023年第11期9-15,共7页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFF1000700);国家自然科学基金(32072716、31872330);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-36)。

摘　　要：基因组DNA在细胞核中以三维结构高度折叠并浓缩成染色质的方式储存于核内,具有特定的高级空间结构和构象,在此基础上相继发现了染色体疆域、染色体区室、拓扑关联结构域、染色质环等结构。染色质的三维结构对生物体基因的表达调控具有巨大影响,随着染色质构象捕获技术不断发展和衍生,研究基因组三维空间结构与功能的三维基因组学也逐渐成为近几年生物学研究领域内的一大热点。本文从染色质的三维结构、染色质捕获技术以及三维基因组学在畜禽遗传育种中的应用3个方面进行综述,旨在将三维基因组学内容更好的运用于畜禽遗传育种工作中,为后续相关研究提供参考。Genomic DNA is stored in the nucleus as a three-dimensional structure and condensed into chromatin,with a specific advanced spatial structure and conformation.On this basis,chromosome territory(CT),A/B compartments,topologically associating domain(TAD),and chromosome loop have been successively discovered.It has been found that the three-dimensional(3D)structure of chromatin has a great influence on the expression and regulation of biological genes.With the continuous development and derivation of chromatin conformation capture technology,3D genomics,which studies the 3D spatial structure and function of the genome,has gradually become a hot spot in the field of biological research in recent years.This article summarizes the three-dimensional structure of chromatin,the technology of chromatin conformation capture and the application of three-dimensional genomics in animal genetics and breeding,in order to better apply three-dimensional genomics to animal genetics and breeding,and provide reference for follow-up related research.

关 键 词：三维基因组学 Hi-C技术 畜禽遗传育种 

分 类 号：S813.1[农业科学—畜牧学]