铺层方式对碳纤维复合材料力学性能的影响  

Effect of Lamination Mode on Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Composites

作　　者：徐超 吴绍利 杜卫超 李艳伟 贾颖华 XU Chao;WU Shaoli;DU Weichao;LI Yanwei;JIA Yinghua(Research Institute of Metals and Chemistry,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;CARS Jinhua Testing Center Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [2]铁科金化检测中心有限公司,北京100081

出　　处：《高速铁路新材料》2023年第6期23-27,共5页Advanced Materials of High Speed Railway

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研开发基金项目(2021YJ227)。

摘　　要：对8种铺层结构的碳纤维复合材料进行了拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量的测试,通过测试结果分析了预浸布面密度、铺层角度和表层3K编织层对复合材料性能的影响。面密度为75 g/m^(2)的碳纤维预浸布复合材料比同样铺层结构、面密度为150 g/m^(2)的碳纤维预浸布复合材料的力学性能更高,这可能是由于面密度高的预浸布胶更厚,在材料铺层中更容易出现树脂聚集区,导致复合材料拉伸强度下降;当3K编织材料自身强度大于中间铺层部分的强度时,表层的3K编织材料能够提高复合材料的力学性能,当3K编织材料自身强度小于中间铺层部分的强度时,表层的3K编织材料会降低复合材料的力学性能;采用(0°)铺层结构的碳纤维复合材料具有明显的各向异性,复合材料在90°和0°方向上的力学性能差异较大;采用(0°/90°)铺层结构能够明显降低复合材料的各向异性,提高90°和0°方向上的力学性能;采用(-45°/0°/45°/90°)铺层结构能够在(0°/90°)铺层结构的基础上,进一步提高45°和-45°方向上的力学性能。The tensile strength,flexural strength and flexural modulus of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites with 8 kinds of layered structures were tested in this paper.The effects of layered angle,prepreg surface density and 3K braided layer on the properties of the composites were analyzed through the test results.The mechanical properties of carbon fiber prepreg composites with an area density of 75 g/m^(2) are higher than those of carbon fiber prepreg composites with an area density of 150 g/m^(2).This is because the prepreg with high area density is thicker,and the resin aggregation area is more likely to appear in the material layer,which leads to the decrease of tensile strength of the composite.When the strength of 3K braided material is greater than that of the middle layer,the surface layer of 3K braided material can improve the mechanical properties of the composites,and when the strength of 3K braided material is less than that of the middle layer,the surface layer of 3K braided material can reduce the mechanical properties of the composites.The carbon fiber composite material with a(0°)layer structure exhibits significant anisotropy,and the mechanical properties of the composite material differ significantly between 90°and 0°;The use of(0°/90°)layer structure can significantly reduce the anisotropy of composite materials and improve the mechanical properties of 90°and 0°;The use of(−45°/0°/45°/90°)layer structure can further improve the mechanical properties of 45°and−45°on the basis of(0°/90°)layer structure.

关 键 词：碳纤维复合材料 铺层方式 拉伸强度 弯曲强度 弯曲模量 

分 类 号：TQ340.6[化学工程—化纤工业]