梯形Halbach交替极无铁心永磁同步直线电机特性分析与优化设计  

Characteristic analysis and optimization design of air-core permanent magnet linear synchronous motor with trapezoidal Halbach array consequent-pole

作　　者：缪仲翠[1,2] 苏乙 张磊 赵璇 李燕 MIAO Zhongcui;SU Yi;ZHANG Lei;ZHAO Xuan;LI Yan(School of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Opto-Technology and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学自动化与电气工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学光电技术与智能控制教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2024年第1期164-176,共13页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51867012)。

摘　　要：针对无铁心永磁同步直线电机(PMLSM)存在推力波动问题以及磁极结构对永磁体利用率的影响,从结构方面着手,提出一种梯形Halbach交替极磁极结构的无铁心永磁同步直线电机,对Halbach阵列进行优化设计。首先通过有限元法对比在Halbach交替极、双层Halbach磁极与梯形Halbach交替极3种磁极结构中PMLSM的电磁性能,分别对气隙磁场谐波成分、空载反电动势、电磁推力以及推力体积比进行计算与对比。其次,采用等效磁化强度法定性分析磁极结构对电机出力性能的影响,并引入Kriging模型,结合多目标优化算法对关键参数进行优化以提高电机平均推力和推力体积比,降低推力波动,得到3个优化目标的Pareto前沿。最后,通过仿真分析验证设计方法的有效性以及电机性能的改善。结果表明:梯形Halbach交替极磁极结构永磁体利用率更高,具有实用价值;梯形Halbach交替极PMLSM能够有效抑制推力波动并保持在7%左右,适用于高精确度加工设备。Aiming at the problem of thrust ripple in air-core permanent magnet linear synchronous motor(PMLSM)and the influence permanent magnet structure on the utilisation of permanent magnets,a trapezoidal Halbach consequent-pole of an air-core PMLSM with an optimised design was proposed for the Halbach array.Firstly,the electromagnetic performance of PMLSM in three pole configurations,Halbach array consequent-pole,double Halbach array and trapezoidal Halbach array consequent-pole,was compared by the finite element method.The air gap magnetic field harmonic components,back-EMF,thrust and thrust-to-volume ratio were calculated and compared respectively.Secondly,the equivalent magnetization intensity method was used to qualitatively analyze the effect of pole structure on the output performance of the motor.The Kriging model was introduced and combined with a multi-objective optimization algorithm to optimize key parameters to improve the average thrust and thrust-to-volume ratio of the motor and reduce thrust ripple,and the Pareto front for the three optimization objectives was obtained.Finally,the results show that consequent-pole is more efficient and saves manufacturing costs.Trapezoidal Halbach array consequent-pole PMLSM effectively suppress thrust ripple and which remains at around 7%,and it is suitable for high-precision machining equipment.

关 键 词：永磁同步直线电机 HALBACH阵列 交替极 等效磁化强度法 KRIGING模型 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]