草甘膦对海岛棉农艺性状及光合作用的影响  

Effects of agronomic characters and photosynthetic parameters of glyphosate on sea island cotton

作　　者：秦国礼 王为然[2] 王萌 杨静[2] 黄幸磊 刘志清[2] 朱家辉[2] 阿里甫·艾尔西[2] 孔杰[2] 陈国栋[1] QIN Guoli;WANG Weiran;WANG Meng;YANG Jing;HUANG Xinglei;LIU Zhiqing;ZHU Jiahui;Alifu Aierxi;KONG Jie;CHEN Guodong(College of Agriculture,Tarim University,Aral Xinjiang 843300,China;Institute of Cash Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第12期2861-2868,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2021A02001-4);新疆农业科学院青年科技骨干创新能力培养(xjnkq-2022010);塔里木大学研究生科研创新项目(TDGRI202119);天山英才计划(2021);神农青年英才(2022)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同浓度草甘膦对海岛棉农艺性状及叶片光合作用的影响,为棉花化学除草提供技术指导。【方法】以抗草甘膦海岛棉新品系新长棉5号为研究对象,于棉花10叶期喷施1.25%、2.5%、5.0%、10.0%4种浓度草甘膦,测定分析株高、茎粗、叶期及光合指标的变化。【结果】4种浓度草甘膦处理后的海岛棉株高、茎粗、叶期、叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ的潜在活性(Fv/Fo)相比对照均呈下降趋势,草甘膦浓度越高,下降越明显;而细胞间CO 2浓度(Ci)呈升高趋势。1.25%处理于喷药后14 d生理指标与对照无差异,24 d农艺性状逐步恢复到对照水平。【结论】现蕾期(10叶期)喷施4种浓度的草甘膦会显著降低海岛棉的生长势,5%以上浓度处理影响海岛棉生长,新长棉5号田间化学除草使用草甘膦2.5%以下浓度为宜。【Objective】To study the effects of agronomical character and leaf photosynthetic parameters by different concentrations of glyphosate on glyphosate island cotton in the hope of providing chemical skills for weeding.【Methods】Using glyphosate-resistant Xinchangmian 5 as the research object and spraying four concentrations of glyphosate1.25%,2.5%,5.0%,10.0%at 10 leaf stage,respectively,then plant height,stem diameter,leaf stage and photosynthetic indexes were measured.【Results】Compared with the control,plant height,stem diameter,leaf stage,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),transpiration rate(Tr),maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(Fv/Fm)and potential activity of PSⅡ(Fv/Fo)with treated by four concentrations of glyphosate were all decreased in sea island cotton.The glyphosate with higher concentrations,the more dramatic decline.However,the intercellular CO 2 concentration(Ci)showed an increasing trend.The treatment by 1.25%and 2.5%had no difference with control after 14 days of spraying,and the agronomic traits returned to the normal level after 24 days.【Conclusion】The growth trends reduce significantly by spraying 4 concentrations of glyphosate at the bud stage.More than 5%concentration of glyphosate affect the growth seriously sea island cotton Xinchangmian 5,so it is suggested that concentration below 2.5%of glyphosate be applied in production.

关 键 词：海岛棉 草甘膦 农艺性状 光合作用 叶绿素荧光参数 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]