新疆棉花主产区土壤残膜赋存特征及相关性  

Study on the occurrence characteristics and correlation of residual film in cotton field in Xinjiang

作　　者：华震宇 李霞 姜娜 刘河疆 马兴旺 HUA Zhenyu;LI Xia;JIANG Na;LIU Hejiang;MA Xingwang(Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products(Urumqi)of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R.China/Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards&Testing Technology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Agricultural Environment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,Urumqi 830091,China;Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所/农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(乌鲁木齐)/新疆农产品质量安全重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]农业农村部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第12期2932-2939,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业农村部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室开放基金课题(XBLZ-20206);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金(42267065)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究新疆棉花主产区土壤地膜残留量状况,为棉田地膜残膜防控措施提供科学依据。【方法】对新疆9个地(州)20县(市)典型棉区不同耕层土壤进行采样,统计地膜残留量、残片数量、面积、质量、膜厚,研究土壤残膜赋存特征及影响因素,分析相关性及残膜量对塑化剂含量的影响。【结果】新疆棉花主产区土壤残膜量水平在3.19~454.03 kg/hm^(2),均值为126.24 kg/hm^(2),残膜区域空间分布顺序依次为南疆>北疆>东疆;分布在0~20 cm土层内的残膜显著高于20~40 cm土层,随着覆膜年限增加,残膜呈现向深层土壤下移的趋势。残膜含量与破碎度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与膜厚呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。土壤中的PAEs含量与对应的残膜含量呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。【结论】新疆棉花主产区土壤残膜留量属于中度水平,土层残膜垂直分布存在残膜含量和残片数量随土壤深度增加而逐渐降低,不同残膜区域空间分布差异性明显,随着覆膜年限的增加,耕层土壤中残膜的含量和数量均呈上升趋势,土壤残膜量与土壤中PAEs显著相关。【Objective】To study the present situation of soil mulching film residual in Xinjiang cotton producing areas and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control measures of cotton mulching film.【Methods】Soil samples were collected from different surface layers in typical cotton areas of 20 counties and 9 prefectures in Xinjiang,and the residual amount of plastic film,the number,area,quality and film thickness were counted.After that,the occurrence characteristics and influencing factors of soil residual film were studied,and the correlation analysis was conducted to discuss the influence of residual film amount on plasticizer content.【Results】The amount of soil residual film in the main cotton producing areas of Xinjiang ranged from 3.19-454.03 kg/hm^(2),with an average of 126.24 kg/hm^(2).The spatial distribution of residual film was as follows:southern Xinjiang>Northern Xinjiang>Eastern Xinjiang;The residual film distributed in 0-20 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that in 20-40 cm soil layer.With the increase of mulching years,the residual film showed a trend of moving down to deep soil.The residual film content was positively correlated with the degree of breakage(P<0.05),was significantly negatively correlated with film thickness(P<0.05),and the content of PAEs in soil was positively correlated with the content of residual film(P<0.01).【Conclusion】Major cotton producing areas in Xinjiang soil residual membrane pollution belong to medium pollution level,the soil content of residual vertical distribution of membrane and membrane and the number of pieces gradually reduce with the increase of soil depth,and the difference of spatial distribution of different residual membrane regions is obvious.Along with the increasing length of laminating,top layer of soil and the content of residual film in number are on the rise,and the amount of soil residual film is significantly correlated with PAEs in soil.

关 键 词：土壤残膜 残膜含量 残片数 覆膜年限 塑化剂 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S562[农业科学—作物学]