六种铜制剂对主要甜瓜生长指标、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of six copper preparations on growth index,yield and quality of major melons

作　　者：杨志毅 王惠林[1] 王瑞 王超楠 徐宝林 邱火箭 YANG Zhiyi;WANG Huilin;WANG Rui;WANG Chaonan;XU Baolin;QIU Huojian(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Horticulture Postdoctoral Mobile Station,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Westland Seeds Industry Co.,Ltd,Changji Xinjiang 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业大学园艺学博士后流动站,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆西域种业股份有限公司,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第12期3008-3017,共10页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目(2020NC008);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2022D01B27);2022年新疆维吾尔自治区优秀博士后普通人员项目;国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(32360761)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究六种铜制剂对甜瓜主蔓长、茎粗、最大功能叶叶面积、最大功能叶节位、叶绿素相对含量SPAD值单瓜重、中心含糖量,病叶率和铜害指数的影响,比较六种铜制剂对甜瓜铜害的影响程度,筛选出六种铜制剂中最佳药剂,为甜瓜生产中铜制剂的安全使用提供参考依据。【方法】采用田间试验,在甜瓜苗期开始叶面喷施不同浓度的六种铜制剂,测定主蔓长、茎粗最大功能叶叶面积等生长指标,在甜瓜铜害发生盛期统计病叶率及铜害指数。【结果】六种铜制剂在稀释1000倍液下,对甜瓜各项生长指标、单瓜重影响较小,其中46%可杀得叁仟可湿性粉剂影响最小,病叶率和铜害指数分别为9.00%和14.83%;除B_(4)、C_(4)处理之外,六种铜制剂不同稀释倍液对甜瓜中心含糖量均无显著影响;随着铜制剂浓度的增大,铜害发生程度越来越严重,六种铜制剂在稀释500倍液下,甜瓜植株铜害加剧。【结论】六种铜制剂中,99%乙酸铜对甜瓜植株极易产生铜害,99%硫酸铜次之,33.5%喹啉铜悬浮剂、30%琥胶肥酸铜可湿性粉剂、23%松脂酸铜乳油和46%可杀得叁仟水分散粒剂对甜瓜相对安全。【Objective】To study the effects of six copper preparations on the main vine length,stem diameter,maximum functional leaf area,maximum functional leaf node position,relative chlorophyll content SPAD value,single melon weight,central sugar content,diseased leaf rate and copper damage index of melon.By comparing the influence of the six copper preparations on melon copper damage,the best agent among the six copper preparations was selected to provide a reference for the safe use of copper preparations in muskmelon production.【Methods】Through field experiments,six kinds of copper preparations with different concentrations were sprayed on the leaf surface at the melon seedling stage,the growth indicators such as the length of the main vine and the maximum functional leaf area of stem diameter were measured,and the diseased leaves were counted at the peak of copper damage in melon rate and copper damage index.【Results】The six kinds of copper preparations had little effect on various growth indexes and single melon weight when diluted 1,000 times.Among them,46%could kill 3,000 WP.The rate of diseased leaves and copper damage index were 9%and 14.83;except for B_(4)and C_(4)treatments,the 6 kinds of copper preparations with different dilution times had no significant effect on the sugar content in the center of melon;When the six copper preparations were diluted 500 times,the copper damage of melon plants was aggravated.【Conclusion】Among the six copper preparations,99%copper acetate was very easy to cause copper damage to melon plants,99%copper sulfate was the second,and 33.5%quinoline copper suspending agent 30%copper succinate WP,23%copper rosinate EC and 46%that can kill three thousand water dispersible granules are relatively safe for melon.

关 键 词：甜瓜 铜制剂 生长指标 产量品质 铜害 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]