磁化不同水质滴灌对土壤盐分的影响  

Effects of magnetized drip irrigation with different water quality on soil salinity

作　　者：朱珠[1,2] 王则玉 许咏梅 刘迪[1] 李杨[3] ZHU Zhu;WANG Zeyu;XU Yongmei;LIU Di;LI Yang(College of Water Resource and Architectural Engineering,Tarim University,Alar Xinjiang 843300,China;College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Research Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830000 [3]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第12期3086-3093,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900803);新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项(科技援疆计划)项目(2022E02076);农业农村部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室开放基金(XBLZ-20221)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究磁化不同水质和电解水滴灌对盐碱土壤盐分的影响。【方法】以121团6连盐碱土为研究对象,通过室内土柱试验,对比分析微咸水、磁化微咸水、磁化渠道水、渠道水和电解水滴灌对盐碱土壤总盐含量、脱盐率、土壤盐分离子以及土壤SAR的影响规律。【结果】土壤剖面平均总盐含量大小比较为T_(1)>T_(2)>CK>T_(3)>T_(4)。磁化微咸水灌溉处理在土层深度30~40cm以及深层土壤内总盐含量显著低于微咸水灌溉处理,磁化渠道水灌溉处理在40cm土层深度以下土壤总盐含量显著低于渠道水灌溉处理。各处理土壤剖面脱盐区的平均脱盐率大小比较为T_(4)>T_(3)>T_(2)>CK>T_(1),脱盐率达到51.8%~59.36%。与对照处理比较,微咸水灌溉处理土壤剖面脱盐区的平均脱盐率降低了2.18%,磁化微咸水处理增加了7.2%,磁化渠道水处理增加了8.99%,电解水处理增加了13.25%。磁化渠水滴灌有利于增加土壤中Ca^(2+)含量,较滴灌前增加72.59%;同时降低Cl^(-)、Na^(+)和HCO^(-)_(3)含量,降幅为92.23%、67.49%和30.84%。而电解水灌溉有利于土壤剖面SO^(2-)_(4)淋洗脱盐,脱盐率为34.09%。磁化渠道水灌溉处理显著降低0~50 cm土层深度处土壤SAR。【结论】磁化水灌溉处理在降低土壤平均总盐含量和增大土壤脱盐率方面优于非磁化水灌溉处理,而电解水灌溉处理最优。电解水和磁化水灌溉有利于土壤盐分和有害盐分离子淋洗脱盐。【Objective】In order to investigate the effects of different magnetized water quality and electrolytic water drip irrigation on salinity of saline-alkali soil.【Methods】The test soil was taken from Company 6 of the 121st Regiment,and soil column infiltration test was carried out.The effects of brackish water,magnetized brackish water,magnetized channel water,channel water and electrolytic water drip irrigation on total salt content,desalting rate,soil salt ions and soil SAR were compared and analyzed.【Results】The results showed that the average total salt content of soil profile was T_(1)>T_(2)>CK>T_(3)>T_(4).The total salt content of magnetized brackish water irrigation treatment was significantly lower than that of brackish water irrigation treatment at soil depth of 30-40 cm and deep soil depth,and the total salt content of soil under magnetized channel water irrigation treatment was significantly lower than that under channel water irrigation treatment.The average desalting rate of the desalting area in the soil profile of each treatment was compared as T_(4)>T_(3)>T_(2)>CK>T_(1),and the desalting rate reached 51.8%-59.36%.Compared with the control treatment,the average desalting rate of soil profile desalting area in brackish water irrigation treatment decreased by 2.18%,magnetized brackish water treatment increased by 7.2%,magnetized channel water treatment increased by 8.99%,and electrolytic water treatment increased by 13.25%.The amount of Ca^(2+)in soil was increased by 72.59%compared with that before drip irrigation.At the same time,the contents of Cl^(-),Na^(+)and HCO^(-)_(3)were decreased by 92.23%,67.49%and 30.84%.Electrolytic water irrigation is beneficial to SO^(2-)_(4) leaching and desalting of soil profile,and the desalting rate is 34.09%.Irrigation treatment of magnetized channel water significantly reduced soil SAR at 0-50 cm depth.【Conclusion】With magnetized water irrigation treatment is superior to non-magnetized water irrigation treatment in reducing the average total salt cont

关 键 词：磁化水 土壤盐分离子 土壤脱盐率 土壤钠吸附比 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]