新疆昌吉州荒漠化防治中造林树种适宜性评价  

Suitability Evaluation of Afforestation Tree Species for Desertification Control in Changji Prefecture of Xinjiang

作　　者：马靖 孙桂丽[1,2] 周建会 Ma Jing;Sun Guili;Zhou Jianhui(College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture Forestry and Grassland Technology Extension Center,Urumqi 830052,China;Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecology and Industrial Technology in Arid Areas,Changji 830001,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]干旱区林业生态与产业技术重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]昌吉回族自治州林业和草原技术推广中心,新疆昌吉830001

出　　处：《防护林科技》2024年第1期10-15,共6页Protection Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：中央财政林草推广项目(新[2022]TG09号);2021年三区人才项目

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜荒漠化防治造林树种,对新疆昌吉回族自治州北部荒漠化防治树种适宜性进行了评价,在适地适树的基础上,从生态适应性、生态功能、经济性及观赏性4个方面开展了调查和研究。结果表明:(1)建议选取梭梭、沙拐枣、多枝柽柳、胡杨、黑果枸杞、沙棘作为中度以上荒漠化区的首选树种,建议选取白蜡、白榆、新疆杨、宁夏枸杞作为轻度以下荒漠化区的首选树种。(2)防风固沙树种建议选择排名靠前的梭梭、沙拐枣、多枝柽柳,其生态适应性强,防风固沙性能优良;水土保持林建议选择梭梭、柽柳、沙拐枣和柠条锦鸡儿;农田防护林建议选择白蜡、白榆、新疆杨、梭梭。(3)经济林树种建议选取梭梭接种肉苁蓉、宁夏枸杞和沙棘为主栽树种,黑果枸杞、文冠果、细枝岩黄耆可作为试验推广树种。In order to screen out the afforestation tree species suitable for desertification control,this study evaluated the suitability of desertification control tree species in the north of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang.Based on the suitability of land and trees,the investigation and research were carried out from four aspects:including ecological adaptability,ecological function,economy and ornamental value.The results showed as the following three aspects.(1)It is recommended to select Haloxylon ammodendron,Calligonum mongolicum,Tamarix ramosissima,Populus euphratica,Lycium ruthenicum and Hippophae rhamnoides as the preferred tree species in the above-moderate desertification area,and Fraxinus chinensis,Ulmus pumila,Populus alba var.pyramidalis and Lycium barbarum as the preferred tree species in the mild desertification area.(2)It is recommended to choose the top wind and sand fixation tree species,including Haloxylon ammodendron,Calligonum mongolicum and Tamarix ramosissima,which have strong ecological adaptability and excellent wind and sand fixation performance.It is recommended to choose Haloxylon ammodendron,Tamarix ramosissima,Calligonum mongolicum and Caragana korshinskiifor soil and water conservation forest,and to choose Fraxinus chinensis,Ulmus pumila,Populus alba var.pyramidalis and Haloxylon ammodendron for farmland shelterbelt forest.(3)It is suggested to choose Haloxylon ammodendron inoculated with Cistanche deserticola,Lycium barbarum and Hippophae rhamnoides as the main tree species for economic forest,and Lycium ruthenicum,Xanthoceras sorbifolium and Hedysarum scoparium can be used as the tree species for experimental promotion.

关 键 词：昌吉州 荒漠化防治 造林树种 适宜性 

分 类 号：S725.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]