北京城区自生植物分布格局及其影响因素  

Spatial distribution pattern and influencing factors of spontaneous plants within the built⁃up areas of Beijing,China

作　　者：刘昌 邢韶华[2] 姚扬 张红星[1,3] 王效科[1,3] LIU Chang;XING Shaohua;YAO Yang;ZHANG Hongxing;WANG Xiaoke(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Reginal Ecology,Reserch Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100085,China;School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Urban Ecosystem Research Station,Research center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京100083 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京城市生态系统研究站,北京100085

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第2期544-558,共15页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项(2021FY100703)。

摘　　要：了解城市自生植物的空间分布格局有助于城市植物景观的规划和管理。基于北京城区的252个自生植物样地调查数据,使用指示克里金法和地理探测器模型展示了北京城区自生植物的空间分布格局并揭示其形成原因。结果显示:北京城区共记录自生植物173种,其中草本植物144种,木本植物29种。草本和木本自生植物的空间分布格局存在显著差异,草本自生植物多样性沿城市中心—城郊梯度增加;木本自生植物多样性在空间上没有明显的城乡梯度,在城区多数区域的多样性较低。人为干扰对城市生态系统的自生植物空间分布格局产生了巨大的影响,草本自生植物主要受到距市中心距离、社会经济因素和绿地管理强度的影响,而木本自生植物则受到距城市中心距离、绿地管理强度、房价等因子交互作用的影响。研究结果有助于确定北京城区将来迫切需要保护或增强物种多样性的区域,为北京城市绿地管理提供参考。Understanding the spatial distribution pattern of spontaneous plants in cities is helpful for planning and managing the urban plant landscape.To explore the distribution pattern of urban spontaneous plant diversity,we used the 5th Ring Road of Beijing as the study area in this research.A total of 252 sample sites were selected and surveyed from September to October 2020.Combined with indicator Kriging methods,the geographical detector model(GeoD),and Pearson correlation analysis,we analyzed the spatial distribution pattern and the mechanism that influenced the spontaneous plants in Beijing urban area.As the results,a total of 173 plant species were recorded,which belonged to 144 woody plants and 29 herbs.There were significant differences in the spatial distribution pattern of herbaceous and woody spontaneous plants.Herbaceous spontaneous plants had a significant urban-rural gradient,which showed that the diversity of herbaceous plants increased from the urban center to the urban suburbs.Woody spontaneous plants showed local high-density areas rather than urban-rural gradients.The distance from the city center,socio-economic variables,and the intensity of green space management were the dominant factors that affected the spatial distribution pattern of herbaceous spontaneous plants.The spatial distribution pattern of woody spontaneous plants was affected by the interaction of green space management intensity,house price,and the distance from the city center.The results help in deciding priority areas for the future to protect biodiversity and offer insights into urban green space planning and management.

关 键 词：城市生态系统 自生植物 生物多样性 城乡梯度 

分 类 号：TU9[建筑科学]