流线隧道式涡轮增压器转子动力学特性分析  

Rotor Dynamic Characteristics Analysis for Tunnel-Type Turbocharger

作　　者：黄若[1] 郭文杰 高泽 黄仕豪 HUANG Ruo;GUO Wen-jie;GAO Ze;HUANG Shi-hao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;School of Energy and Power Engineering,North University of China,Shanxi Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100081 [2]中北大学能源动力工程学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2024年第2期219-225,共7页Machinery Design & Manufacture

摘　　要：为研究流线隧道式涡轮对涡轮增压器转子动力学特性的影响,将某型号车用涡轮增压器叶片式涡轮替换为流线隧道式涡轮,建立了密封流体激振、叶尖间隙激振和隧道涡轮轮缘间隙激振耦合条件下的转子系统模型,计算分析了涡轮材料和轮缘间隙对转子临界转速、稳态响应以及瞬态响应的影响。结果表明,K418高温合金隧道涡轮转子一阶临界转速大幅降低,稳态响应稳定性较好,但瞬态响应振动剧烈、失稳,表明隧道涡轮采用K418高温合金需要调整结构设计;SiC陶瓷隧道涡轮转子一阶临界转速下降、稳态响应振幅增加,但对转子稳定性影响不大,二阶临界转速有微小增加,稳态响应振幅下降,瞬态响应稳定性较佳。To investigate the influence of adopting tunnel-type turbines on rotor dynamic characteristics of turbochargers,the blade-type turbine of a certain type of turbocharger was replaced with a tunnel-type one.As coupling with the sealing fluid excitation,the tip clearance excitation and the radial clearance excitation of the tunnel-type turbine,a model of the rotor system was built.The influence of the turbine material and the radial clearance on the critical speed,the harmonic response and the transient response of the rotor was analyzed.The results show that the first-order critical speed of rotor with tunnel-type K418 alloy turbine decreases significantly,and the steady-state response is relatively stable,but the transient response fluctuates wildly and shows instability so that it needs adjustment on its structure design to utilize K418 alloy as a tunnel-type turbine material.The first-order critical speed of rotor with tunnel-type SiC ceramic turbine decreases and the harmonic response amplitude increases,but the influence on stability of the rotor is insignificant.Its second-order critical speed increases slightly,the steady-state amplitude decreases,and the transient response is relatively stable.

关 键 词：转子动力学 涡轮增压器 流线隧道式涡轮 密封流体激振 叶顶间隙激振 轮缘间隙激振 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] O347.6[理学—固体力学]