法兰螺栓紧固力超声测量研究  

Research on Ultrasonic Measurement of Flange Bolt Tightening Force

作　　者：卢秉伦 章兰珠[1] 陈威 LU Bing-lun;ZHANG Lan-zhu;CHEN Wei(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200237

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2024年第2期261-265,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51975213)。

摘　　要：针对法兰螺栓安装过程中紧固力难以测量和控制的问题,建立法兰螺栓超声测量模型并设计了法兰螺栓紧固力超声测试系统。系统首先基于FPGA和以太网技术设计了周期脉冲激励、数据采集、高速通讯传输、信号处理模块实现超声信号的发射和接收,并采用阈值法和极值法相结合来提高对超声渡越时间的测量精度,然后根据法兰螺栓超声测量模型计算得出螺栓紧固力大小。螺栓标定实验表明:法兰超声模型可靠,且标定系数的重复准确度达±2.4%;超声法—应变片法对比试验表明:所设计的测试系统能够实现螺栓紧固力的测量,与应变片法的相对误差不超过5%。Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to measure and control the tightening force of flange bolts in the installation process,the ultrasonic measurement model of flange bolts was established,and the ultrasonic measurement system of flange bolt tightening force was designed.Based on FPGA and Ethernet technology,the periodic pulse excitation,data acquisition,highspeed communication transmission and signal processing modules were designed to realize the transmission and reception of ultrasonic signals.The threshold method and extremum method were combined to improve the measurement accuracy of ultrasonic transit time.Then the bolt fastening force was calculated according to the ultrasonic measurement model of flange bolt.The bolt calibration experiment shows that the ultrasonic model of flange is reliable and the repeatability accuracy of calibration coefficient reaches±2.4%;The comparative test between ultrasonic method and strain gauge method shows that the designed test system can realize the measurement of bolt tightening force,whose relative error with strain gauge method is less than 5%.

关 键 词：法兰螺栓 紧固力 超声波 渡越时间 极值法 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH823[理学—物理] TB551[理学—声学]