花期低温对草莓叶片光系统荧光特性及保护酶活性的影响  

Effect of Low Temperature at Anthesis on the Fluorescence Properties of Photosystem and Protective Enzyme Activity of Strawberry Leaves

作　　者：徐佳晴 杨再强[1,2] 袁昌洪 罗靖[1] 王灿月 张涵奇 姜楠 XU Jia-qing;YANG Zai-qiang;YUAN Chang-hong;LUO Jing;WANG Can-yue;ZHANG Han-qi;JIANG Nan(Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology,Nanjing 210044;Taizhou Meteorological Bureau,Jiangsu Province,Taizhou 225300)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京210044 [2]江苏省农业气象重点实验室,南京210044 [3]江苏省泰州市气象局,泰州225300

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2024年第2期178-188,共11页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42275200)。

摘　　要：以草莓品种“赛娃”(Fragaria ananassa cv.Selva)为试材,于2022年11-12月在南京信息工程大学开展人工环境控制试验。11月中旬草莓苗进入开花期,挑选长势一致的草莓苗放入人工气候室进行低温处理。温度设置3个水平,即5℃(日最低气温)/15℃(日最高气温)、10℃/20℃和15℃/25℃(CK),处理持续时间为3d、6d和9d。测定不同低温持续天数下草莓叶片光系统荧光诱导动力学参数和保护酶活性等指标,以期了解低温对草莓叶片光系统荧光特性及保护酶活性的影响。结果表明:(1)在日最低温5~15℃范围内,随着温度的降低,持续时间的延长,草莓叶片单位反应中心吸收的光能(ABS/RC)、单位反应中心耗散掉的能量(DIo/RC)和单位反应中心捕获的用于还原QA的能量(TRo/RC)均有所升高,但单位反应中心捕获的用于电子传递的能量(ETo/RC)下降。日最低温5℃持续9d处理的ABS/RC、DIo/RC分别为CK的1.367倍和1.718倍。日最低温10℃持续3d、6d、9d和日最低温5℃持续9d的TRo/RC分别较CK增加了7.42%、14.66%、25.27%和30.48%,而ETo/RC分别较CK下降了1.71%、20.39%、26.65%和28.32%。用于热耗散的量子比率(φDo)随着低温持续时间的延长而显著增大,日最低温5℃持续3d和9d时分别较CK升高了12.34%和25.32%。然而用于电子传递的量子产额(φEo)随低温持续时间的延长而降低,日最低温5℃持续3d和9d分别较CK下降了27.92%和43.02%。(2)随着温度的降低和低温持续时间的延长,草莓叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量逐渐增加。日最低温5℃持续6d时SOD和POD的活性达到最大,分别为CK的1.39倍和2.03倍,CAT受低温影响变化幅度较小。日最低气温5℃持续9d的MDA含量最高,为CK的2.10倍。研究显示低温会破坏草莓叶片光系统的结构和功能,光化学效率下降,以热量散失的能量增加,导致PSⅡ供体侧提供电子的能力下The artificial environment control experiment was conducted at Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology from November to December 2022 using strawberry"Selva"(Fragaria ananassa)as the test material,and the strawberry seedlings were selected and placed in the artificial climate chamber for low-temperature treatment in mid-November when they reached the flowering stage.Three levels of temperature were set:5℃(daily minimum)/15℃(daily maximum),10℃/20℃and 15℃/25℃(CK).The treatment duration was 3d,6d and 9d.The kinetic parameters of photosystem fluorescence induction and protease activity of strawberry leaves were measured under different days of low-temperature to understand the effect of low-temperature on photosystem fluorescence and protease activity of strawberry leaves.The effects of low-temperature on the fluorescence properties of strawberry leaves and the activity of protease were measured.The results showed that(1)the light energy absorbed per reaction center(ABS/RC),the energy dissipated per reaction center(DIo/RC)and the energy captured per reaction center for QA reduction(TRo/RC)of strawberry leaves increased with decreasing temperature and increasing duration in the range of daily minimum temperature from 5℃to 15℃,but the energy captured per reaction center for QA reduction(ETo/RC)increased with increasing duration.The energy captured per reaction center for electron transfer(ETo/RC)decreased.ABS/RC and DIo/RC were 1.367 and 1.718 times higher than those of CK for the treatment with daily minimum temperature of 5℃for 9d,respectively.TRo/RC increased by 7.42%,14.66%,25.27%,and 30.48%for daily minimum temperature of 10°C for 3d,6d,9d and daily minimum temperature of 5°C for 9d,respectively,compared to CK,while ETo/RC decreased by 1.71%,20.39%,26.65%,and 28.32%,respectively,compared to CK.The quantum ratio for thermal dissipation(φDo)increased significantly with the duration of low-temperature,12.34%and 25.32%higher than CK at a daily minimum temperature of 5℃for 3d and

关 键 词：草莓 低温 叶绿素荧光 保护酶 丙二醛含量 

分 类 号：S668.4[农业科学—果树学]