大渡河干流已建水电站生态基流目标值复核分析  

Assessment of Ecological Base Flow Targets for Cascaded Hydropower Plants on Dadu River

作　　者：陈在妮 刘宏高[2] 黄克威 李书飞 曲田 易燃 陶江平[2] CHEN Zai-ni;LIU Hong-gao;HUANG Ke-wei;LI Shu-fei;QU Tian;YI Ran;TAO Jiang-ping(Dadu River Basin Production Command Center,CHN Energy,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem,Ministry of Water Resources,Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430079,P.R.China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Basin Water Security,Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430014,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]国能大渡河流域生产指挥中心,四川成都610041 [2]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,湖北武汉430079 [3]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,流域水安全保障湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430014

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2024年第1期50-57,共8页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3200304);水利部财政专项水资源管理项目(126202006000190003);长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司自主创新项目(CX2020Z02)。

摘　　要：以大渡河干流已建水利水电工程为研究对象开展回顾性评价,为推动后续生态基流研究和水资源管理提供参考。研究采用多种水文学方法,包括Tennant法、Texas法、Q90法、多年最小月平均流量法和NGPRP法,计算大渡河干流已建梯级水电站的生态基流目标值。根据计算结果中各控制断面的最小值、最大值和平均值,建立生态基流目标值的参考区间,分别对应底线、优和良好的标准线,并对大渡河干流已建梯级水电站生态基流目标进行了回顾性评价。结果表明,大多数断面的现行生态基流目标值均在最大和最小参考值区间范围,设置基本合理。针对不同历史条件下或不同行业领域中存在的生态基流相关概念内涵和适用边界条件的不一致问题,以及拦河工程生态基流调度的实际问题,研究提出生态基流目标体系的双指标控制法,并提出了大渡河干流已建梯级水电站生态基流目标建议值,建议双江口、猴子岩、深溪沟、龚嘴、铜街子水电站的生态基流目标采用日均和瞬时双控值,分别设为121/52、160/78、327/188、366/149和366/236 m^(3)/s,而沙湾和安谷水电站均设为366 m^(3)/s。Ecological flow is crucial for maintaining the structure and function of aquatic ecosys⁃tems in rivers and lakes,and the ecological base flow has been recognized as the minimum required to maintain the ecological function of aquatic ecosystems.The Dadu River basin is important for both hydropower development and biodiversity conservation in China and it is therefore important to conduct regular assessments of ecological base flow targets.In this study,five methods were used to calculate target values of ecological base flow for the cascaded hydropower plants on Dadu River,including Tennant,Texas,Q90,multi-year average monthly minimum flow,and the Northern Great Plains Resource Program(NGPRP).A reference range of ecological base flow targets was estab⁃lished based on the minimum,maximum and average values of each river reach,in order to meet the respective targets of bottom line,good status line and moderate status line for ecological base flow.The retrospective assessment of ecological base flow targets in Dadu River was then carried out using the three-line range system.Results show that the current ecological base flow is suitable in most control sections.Controversies about the connotations and applicable boundary conditions for ecological base flow resulting from different historical scenarios and industries make it difficult to regulate ecological base flow for hydraulic projects.We thus provide a double-indexed control method for meeting ecological base flow targets for cascaded hydropower plants on Dadu River.It is recommended that the ecological base flow targets for Shuangjiangkou,Houziyan,Shenxigou,Gongzui and Tongjiezi hydropower stations are set at daily and instantaneous dual control values of 121/52,160/78,327/188,366/149 and 366/236 m^(3)/s respectively,while Shawan and Angu hydro⁃power stations are both set at 366 m^(3)/s,respectively.Our study provides an effective method for ret⁃rospective evaluation of ecological base flow targets at the watershed scale,and guidance for future ecologica

关 键 词：生态基流 回顾性评价 双指标控制法 大渡河 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]