不同生态类群蚯蚓对凋落物源碳在土壤团聚体中的分配的影响  

Effects of Different Ecological Groups of Earthworms on the Distribution of Litter into Aggregates

作　　者：张雪莲 顾宇晨 王国兵 ZHANG Xue-lian;GU Yu-chen;WANG Guo-bing(College of Biology and the environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2024年第1期102-109,共8页Forest Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD220040203)。

摘　　要：[目的]通过研究不同生态型蚯蚓作用下凋落物源碳在土壤中的转化与分配规律,揭示凋落物源碳在土壤中的去向,为深入探究蚯蚓对杨树人工林土壤固碳增汇潜力的影响提供理论依据和数据支撑。[方法]应用脉冲标记法标记富集^(13)C的杨树幼苗叶片;接种3种不同生态型蚯蚓,通过室内短期培养试验(室温25℃,培养120 d),研究不同生态型蚯蚓作用下凋落物源碳在粗大团聚体(d>2 mm)、细大团聚体(2 mm≥d>0.25mm)、微团聚体(0.25 mm≥d>0.053 mm)和粉-黏团聚体(d≤0.053 mm)4个粒径级别的水稳性团聚体中的分配。[结果]接种蚯蚓后,显著促进了凋落物源碳向土壤中的并入与分配,土壤δ^(13)C值显著提高,单独接种表栖型蚯蚓提升的幅度最低,表栖型和表-内栖型共同作用提升的幅度最高;不同粒级土壤水稳性团聚体的δ^(13)C值在蚯蚓的作用下均显著升高;4种土壤团聚体的δ^(13)C值,都是粉-黏团聚体的最低,粗大团聚体和细大团聚体中最高,接种赤子爱胜蚓对凋落物向土壤团聚体中并入作用效果低于接种皮质远盲蚓和威廉环毛蚓。[结论]120 d的短期培养内,不同生态型蚯蚓作用显著促进凋落物源碳向土壤中的并入与分配,更是显著增加了凋落物源碳在粗大团聚体和细大团聚体中的积累,且在表-内栖型蚯蚓和深栖型参与作用下,更显著提高了凋落物源碳向团聚体中的分配。建议可以在林业生产经营过程中适当增加林木凋落物残体的施用,同时考虑不同生态型蚯蚓之间的协同和竞争作用,接种多种类型蚯蚓以改善或增强蚯蚓调节林业生态系统中土壤有机碳(SOC)动态的潜能,加速土壤中外源有机质向土壤中的并入与分配。[Objective]By studying the transformation and distribution patterns of litter-derived carbon in soil under the action of different ecotypes of earthworms,providing theoretical basis and data support for exploration of the impact of earthworms on the carbon sequestration and sink enhancement potential of soil in poplar plantations.[Methods]The leaves of poplar seedlings enriched with^(13)C were marked by pulse labeling method.Three different ecotypes of earthworms were inoculated to study the distribution of litter source carbon in water-stable aggregates of coarse aggregates(d>2 mm),fine aggregates(2≥d>0.25 mm),microaggregates(0.25≥d>0.053 mm)and silt-clay aggregates(d≤0.053 mm)under the action of different ecotypes of earthworms.[Results]After inoculation of earthworms,the incorporation and distribution of litter source carbon into the soil were significantly promoted,and the soilδ^(13)C value was significantly increased.The enhancement range of epigeic earthworms was the lowest,in contrast,that of epi-endogeic and anecic types was the highest.Theδ^(13)C values of soil water stable aggregates of different particle sizes increased significantly under the action of earthworms.Theδ^(13)C values of four kinds of soil aggregates were the lowest in silt-clay aggregates,and the highest in coarse aggregates and fine aggregates.The effect of Eisenia foetida on the incorporation of litter into soil aggregates was lower than that of Amynthas corticis and Pheretima guillelmi.[Conclusion]After 120 days of short-term culture,different ecotypes of earthworms significantly promotes the incorporation and distribution of litter-derived carbon into the soil,and significantly increases the accumulation of litter source carbon in coarse aggregates and fine aggregates.With the participation of epi-endogeic and anecic types,the distribution of carbon to aggregates from litter is significantly increased.We suggest that the application of forest litter residues should be appropriately increased in the process of forestry produc

关 键 词：蚯蚓 生态类群 土壤团聚体 凋落物源碳 δ^(13)C 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]