可燃制冷剂在轨道交通车辆空调中的应用  

Application of Flammable Refrigerants in Rail Transit Vehicle Air-conditioners

作　　者：杨艳飞 李文华 樊宝 YANG Yanfei;LI Wenhua;FAN Bao(Shijiazhuang KING Transportation Equipment Co.,Ltd.,050035,Shijiazhuang,China;A Unit of the People′s Liberation Army of China,050051,Shijiazhuang,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄国祥运输设备有限公司,石家庄050035 [2]中国人民解放军某部队,石家庄050051

出　　处：《城市轨道交通研究》2024年第1期265-268,275,共5页Urban Mass Transit

摘　　要：[目的]为分析轨道交通车辆空调中的可燃制冷剂允许充注量,需研究可燃性环保制冷剂在轨道交通车辆空调中安全应用的可行性及方案。[方法]分析空调的安装场所及访问类别,结合不同可燃制冷剂热物性,计算当前轨道交通车辆空调中制冷剂的允许充注量。进一步通过空调间接换热系统的设计,提高轨道交通车辆空调中可燃制冷剂充注量限值,并就不同制冷剂的空调性能进行对比分析。[结果及结论]不同燃烧等级的制冷剂在轨道交通车辆空调中的允许充注量不尽相同,基于制冷剂燃烧下限的限制,可燃制冷剂在轨道交通车辆空调中难以直接使用,而通过间接换热设计可以有效提高可燃制冷剂在空调中的允许充注量,解决制冷剂燃烧性带来的安全风险问题,实现环保制冷剂在轨道交通车辆空调上的应用。[Objective]To analyze the allowable charge quantity of flammable refrigerants in RTVAC(rail transit vehicle air-conditioners),it is necessary to explore the feasibility and solutions for the safe application of environmentally friendly flammable refrigerants in RTVAC.[Method]The installation site and access categories of AC are analyzed.Along with the thermophysical properties of various flammable refrigerants,the allowable charge quantity of refrigerants in current RTVAC is calculated.Further,by designing the indirect heat exchange system among AC units,the maximum allowable charge limit of flammable refrigerants in RTVAC is increased and the AC performance of different refrigerants is comparatively analyzed.[Result&Conclusion]Refrigerants with different flammability levels have varying allowable charge quantities in RTVAC.Due to the limitations imposed by the lower flammability limit of refrigerants,direct use of flammable refrigerants in RTVAC is challenging.However,through the design of indirect heat exchange,it is possible to effectively increase the allowable charge quantity of flammable refrigerants in AC,thereby addressing safety risks associated with the flammability of refrigerants and enabling the application of environmentally friendly refrigerants in RTVAC.

关 键 词：轨道交通车辆空调 可燃制冷剂 充注量限值 间接换热 

分 类 号：U270.383[机械工程—车辆工程]