青海省基层医务人员乙型肝炎歧视行为意愿的影响因素研究  

A study of factors influencing the willingness of primary healthcare workers in Qinghai Province to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors towards HBV-infected patients

作　　者：吴娟 阿克忠[1,2] 郝增平 丁睿尧[2] 郭子哲 WU Juan;A Kezhong;HAO Zengping;DING Ruiyao;GUO Zizhe(Institute of Immunization Planning,Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Xining,Qinghai 810007,China;Department of Public Health,Faculty of Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省疾病预防控制中心免疫规划所,青海西宁810007 [2]青海大学医学部公共卫生系,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2023年第12期1206-1211,共6页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中国肝炎基金会-中国乙肝防控科研基金资助课题(YGFK2020003)。

摘　　要：【目的】了解青海省基层医务人员乙型肝炎(简称“乙肝”)认知及歧视行为意愿现况,探讨影响歧视行为意愿的因素,为青海省开展基层医务人员乙肝健康教育提供依据。【方法】采用随机抽样与方便抽样相结合的方法在青海省8个市(州)基层医疗机构中开展问卷调查,问卷内容包括人口学信息、乙肝相关知识、歧视行为意愿等。【结果】共纳入调查对象393人,青海省基层医务人员乙肝传播途径正确认知率为36.89%。不愿意与感染HBV的家人一起居住、不愿意与感染HBV的朋友一起吃饭的分别占46.31%和50.13%。基层医务人员乙肝歧视行为意愿在不同居住地、性别、婚姻状况及家庭人均收入间均存在差异(P<0.05)。在不同维度乙肝相关知识认知上,传播途径在年龄、文化程度、家庭人均收入等均有显著差异(P<0.05)。疫苗接种在婚姻状况、家庭人均收入存在显著差异(P<0.05)。治疗与转归维度在不同性别、文化程度、家庭人均收入间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。防歧视政策在居住地、年龄、民族、家庭人均收入均有显著差异(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示医务人员乙肝传播途径认知水平是显著影响歧视行为意愿的因素(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.29~0.84)。【结论】需要不断丰富我国西部地区基层医务人员乙肝健康教育的内容,以减少乙肝歧视行为意愿,保障HBV感染者的权利。[Objective]To understand the current status of primary healthcare workers’knowledge of hepatitis B and their willingness to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors,to explore the factors influencing their willingness,and to provide a basis for health education on hepatitis B for primary healthcare workers in Qinghai Province.[Methods]A questionnaire survey was conducted among primary healthcare institutions in eight cities(prefectures)of Qinghai Province using a combination of random sampling and convenience sampling.The questionnaire included demographic information,knowledge related to hepatitis B,and willingness to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors.[Results]A total of 393 subjects were included in the survey.The accurate awareness rate of hepatitis B transmission route among primary healthcare workers in Qinghai Province was 36.89%.Of the respondents,46.31%were unwilling to live with family members infected with HBV or carriers,and 50.13%were unwilling to dine with friends infected with HBV or carriers.The willingness of primary healthcare workers to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors related to hepatitis B varied by different places of residence,gender,marital status and per capita household income(P<0.05).Regarding different dimensions of HBV-related knowledge,there were significant differences in age,education level,and per capita household income for transmission route(P<0.05).Vaccination showed significant differences based on marital status and per capita family income(P<0.05).There were significant differences in treatment and outcome among different gender,education level,and per capita family income.Anti-discrimination policies varied significantly by place of residence,age,ethnicity,and per capita income.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that primary healthcare workers’knowledge of hepatitis B transmission route was a significant factor influencing their willingness to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.29‒0.84).[Conclusion]It is essential to continuou

关 键 词：乙肝 基层医务人员 歧视 行为意愿 影响因素 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学]