上海市浦东新区鼠类种群及恙螨携带状况  

Population and chigger mite infection of rodents in Pudong New Area,Shanghai

作　　者：陆馨晨 蔡煦玥 林晨 刘俊[1,2] 于思雨 元永艇[1,2] 刘汉昭 LU Xinchen;CAI Xuyue;LIN Chen;LIU Jun;YU Siyu;YUAN Yongting;LIU Hanzhao(Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200136,China;Pudong Institute of PreventiveMedicine,Fudan University,Shanghai 200136,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心,上海200136 [2]复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院,上海200136

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2023年第12期1218-1222,共5页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫生系统学科带头人培养计划(PWRd2023-12);上海市浦东新区卫生健康委员会公共卫生高峰学科-传染病学(PWYggf2021-01)。

摘　　要：【目的】调查上海市浦东新区鼠形动物(简称“鼠类”)种群及鼠类体表携带恙螨的种类,为预防和控制鼠类及恙螨传播疾病提供科学依据。【方法】选择浦东新区宣桥镇、航头镇、老港镇、南汇新城镇作为监测点,以农田、荒地、农村居民区、公园作为监测生境,于2020―2022年采用夹夜法捕获鼠类,进行分类鉴定并计算密度。收集鼠类耳壳和耳窝全部恙螨,对恙螨种类进行鉴定并计算带恙螨指数。【结果】捕获鼠类222只,分属于2目2科4属5种,其中啮齿目有1科3属4种,食虫目1种(臭鼩鼱)。小家鼠为优势鼠种,占总捕获数的54.05%。捕获恙螨80只,动物恙螨检出率为36.03%,总带恙螨指数为0.36,黄胸鼠带恙螨指数最高(6.00),小家鼠带恙螨指数为0.48。恙螨种类3种,均为纤恙螨属,分别为地里纤恙螨、小板纤恙螨及高湖纤恙螨,以地里纤恙螨为优势螨种(55.00%)。【结论】浦东新区存在以小家鼠为优势鼠种、地里纤恙螨为优势种群的恙螨媒介传播疾病的风险。[Objective]To investigate the population and chigger mite infection of rodents in Pudong District,Shanghai,so as to provide the scientific basis for the prevention and control of rodents and chigger transmitted diseases.[Methods]The monitoring work was conducted in four points including Xuanqiao,Hangtou,Laogang and Nanhui New Town with night trapping method from 2020 to 2022.Habitats as farmland,wasteland,rural residential areas,and parks were selected.The rodent species were identified and rodent density was calculated.All chigger mites were collected from the earlaps and auricular fossae of the rodents.The species of chigger mites were identified and the chigger mite index was calculated.[Results]A total of 222 rodents were captured.They belonged to 5 species,4 genera,2 families and 2 orders,including 4 species,3 genera,and 1 family of Rodentia and 1 species of Insectivora.M.musculus was the dominant species,with a composition ratio of 54.05%.Total 80 chigger mites were captured,with a detection rate of 36.03%.The total chigger index was 0.36 and Rattus tanezumi held the highest(6.00),followed by M.musculus(0.48).There were 3 species of chigger mites,L.deliense,L.scutellare,and L.gaohuense.L.deliense was the dominant specie,accounting for 55.00%.[Conclusion]There is a risk of chigger-borne disease transmission in Pudong New Area with M.musculus as the dominant host and L.deliense as the dominant species.

关 键 词：鼠类 恙螨 带恙螨指数 种类 

分 类 号：R1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R384.4