道路积尘和土壤中有机磷酸酯分布特征、健康风险及源解析研究  

Distribution characteristics,health risks,and source apportionment of organophosphate esters in road dust and soil

作　　者：周亦辰 李雪 陶可 李会茹 华佩 戴玉女 傅忠[6] 张晋 桂东伟[8] ZHOU Yichen;LI Xue;TAO Ke;LI Huiru;HUA Pei;DAI Yunv;FU Zhong;ZHANG Jin;GUI Dongwei(Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632;Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution,Guangzhou 510632;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health,School of Environment,Jinan University,Guangzhou 511443;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental,Safety and Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment,School of Environment,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006;Engineering Research Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering,Ministry of Education,Department of Ecology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632;School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444;The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention,Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098;State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所,广州510632 [2]广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心,广州510632 [3]广东省环境污染与健康重点实验室,广州511443 [4]华南师范大学环境学院,广东省化学品污染与环境安全重点实验室,环境理论化学教育部重点实验室,广州510006 [5]教育部热带和亚热带水生生态工程工程研究中心,暨南大学生态系,广州510632 [6]上海大学环境与化学工程学院,上海200444 [7]河海大学长江保护与发展研究院,水灾害防御全国重点实验室,南京210098 [8]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第1期352-365,共14页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.42077156,22006041,52121006);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(No.2020A1515011130,202002030169,2020A1515111128);广东珠江人才计划地方创新研究团队项目(No.2019BT02Z546);广东省科技创新战略专项基金项目(No.2019B121205004)。

摘　　要：有机磷酸酯(OPEs)是一种典型的增塑剂和阻燃剂,由于其广泛存在和对人类健康和生态系统的潜在影响而受到人们的关注.土壤和灰尘是表征城市环境污染的重要环境介质,OPEs可在土壤中累积产生更大的危害性,灰尘的比表面积大是OPEs的良好载体,同时人类可摄入灰尘产生健康风险.因此,为探究经济发达城市土壤和灰尘中OPEs的污染情况,以广州市为研究对象,2021年5月采集了工业区、商业区、住宅区和城市公园的土壤和灰尘样本各60份,测定了OPEs浓度水平,并初步分析两种基质中OPEs的空间分布特征、影响因素、可能来源和健康风险情况.结果表明土壤和灰尘中总OPEs的含量范围分别为48~539 ng·g^(-1)和101~3680 ng·g^(-1);两种基质中TCIPP含量最高,平均值分别为23.3 ng·g^(-1)和155 ng·g^(-1).工业区OPEs浓度高于商业区、住宅区和城市公园,繁忙的交通和各种当地制造商可能是造成工业区表层土壤和灰尘中OPEs含量相对较高的原因.土壤和灰尘中OPEs的组成特征类似,但灰尘中烷基OPEs的TEHP和TBEP浓度占比远大于土壤.相关性分析表明,∑OPEs浓度与人口密度之间有显著的正相关.自组织映射(SOM)聚类分析表明土壤中HP15(商业区)和LW7(南围工业区)的浓度最高,灰尘中TH10(鑫盛工业区)、TH14(高塘工业区)和YX8(步行街商业区)的浓度最高,污染物来源可能为材料包装、汽车内饰、建材或电子设备等.4种功能区内,工业区的健康风险最高,商业区的癌症风险最高.健康风险和癌症风险评估表明儿童、成人和户外工作者中,户外工作者的风险最高.但是所有计算得到的OPEs风险值均低于风险阈值几个数量级,这表明短期内暂不存在健康风险,产期健康风险仍值得关注.Organophosphate Esters(OPEs)are typical plasticizers and flame retardants that have attracted attention due to their widespread presence and potential impact on human health and ecosystems.Soil and dust are important environmental media to monitor organic pollutants in urban environments.OPEs can accumulate in the soil,resulting in higher health risk.Dust that is with large specific surface area is a good carrier of OPEs,and also poses potential health risks by Ingestions.Therefore,in order to investigate the pollution of OPEs in developed cities,60 soil samples and 60 dust samples from industrial,commercial,residential,and urban parks were collected in Guangzhou in May 2021.Spatial distribution,influencing factors,sources apportionments,and health risks of OPEs in the soil and dust were studied.The results showed that the concentrations of total OPEs in soil and dust were 48~539 ng·g^(-1) and 101~3680 ng·g^(-1),respectively;The concentration of TCIPP is the highest among the two matrices,with average concentrations of 23.3 ng·g^(-1) and 155 ng·g^(-1),respectively.The concentrations of OPEs in industrial areas were higher than that in commercial areas,residential areas,and urban parks.This may be due to the heavy traffic and local manufacturers in the industrial areas.The composition characteristics of OPEs in soil and dust were similar,but the proportions of TEHP and TBEP in alkyl OPEs in dust were much higher than that in soil.Correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation betweenΣOPEs concentration and population density.Self organizing mapping(SOM)clustering analysis suggests that the highest concentrations of HP15(Commercial Zone)and LW7(Nanwei Industrial Zone)were found in soil,and the highest concentrations of TH10(Xinsheng Industrial Zone),TH14(Gaotang Industrial Zone),and YX8(Pedestrian Street Commercial Zone)were in dust.Thesources of the pollutants may be packaging materials,automotive interiors,building materials,or electronic equipment.Within the four functional areas,highest health r

关 键 词：有机磷酸酯(OPEs) 土壤 灰尘 空间分布 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4