电子束辐照处理废水研究及进展  

Electron beam radiation technology for wastewater treatment

作　　者：沈云鹏 王建龙 SHEN Yunpeng;WANG Jianlong(Xinjiang Innovation Management Research Center of Xinjiang University,School of Economics and Management,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046;State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Harmless Treatment and Resource Utilization of Antibiotic Residues,Yili Chuanning Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Yining 835007;Laboratory of Environmental Technology,Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084;Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Waste Treatment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学经济与管理学院,新疆大学新疆创新管理研究中心,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]国家环境保护抗生素菌渣无害化处理与资源化利用工程技术中心,伊犁川宁生物技术有限公司,伊宁835007 [3]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院环境技术研究室,北京100084 [4]清华大学,放射性废物处理北京市重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2023年第12期35-49,共15页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.52238005)。

摘　　要：电子束辐照是一项全新的废水处理技术,是环境工程与核技术应用交叉结合的产物,具有高效(处理时间短)、低碳(不使用药剂)、清洁(不产生二次污染)等独特优势,为难降解工业废水处理提供了新技术.本文总结了作者在电子束辐照处理废水方面的研发历程、主要研究工作及进展.研究了电子束辐照难降解工业废水中特征污染物的特性及作用机理;研制了电子束辐照连续处理废水的辐照反应器,能够快速形成超薄水膜,并揭示了水膜的水流特性及电子束吸收剂量分布规律;针对环境突发事件应急处理要求,发明了车载移动式电子束处理废水一体化装置;针对水处理对加速器的特殊要求,如高束流、环境潮湿、腐蚀等,研制出了废水处理专用电子加速器及成套装备,在国内首次实现了工程应用.目前已建成了10多个电子束辐照废水处理工程,涉及到印染废水、化工废水、制药废水、医疗废水、酿造废水以及垃圾渗滤液、抗生素菌渣等处理.电子束辐照处理废水,不仅为废水处理提供了新的技术手段,也拓展了核技术应用领域.利用辐照技术治理环境污染,正在形成新的环保产业,应用前景广阔.Electron beam radiation is a novel technology for wastewater treatment which combines environmental engineering and nuclear technology applications.It has unique advantages,such as high efficiency(short treatment time),low carbon(no use of chemicals),and cleaner(no secondary pollution),providing a new technology for the treatment of refractory industrial wastewater.Through more than 20 years of hard efforts,we have made achievements from theoretical research,technological invention,equipment development,to practical applications.This paper summarizes the research and development process and progress of the authors and research team in the field of electron beam irradiation treatment of wastewater.In terms of theoretical research,in-depth exploration was conducted on the degradation characteristics and mechanisms of typical pollutants in refractory industrial wastewater by electron beam irradiation.In terms of technology,an electron beam irradiation continuous treatment wastewater irradiation reactor has been invented,which can quickly form an ultra-thin water film,revealing the water flow characteristics of the water film and the distribution law of electron beam absorption dose;In response to the increasingly frequent environmental emergencies,an integrated device for mobile electron beam wastewater treatment in vehicles has been invented,which can meet various emergency treatment requirements;In response to the special requirements of accelerators for water treatment,such as high beam current,humid environment,corrosion,etc.,a specialized electronic accelerator and complete set of equipment for wastewater treatment have been developed,and engineering applications have been achieved for the first time in China.At present,more than 10 engineering projects for electron beam irradiation treatment of wastewater have been completed,involving the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater,chemical wastewater,pharmaceutical wastewater,medical wastewater,brewing wastewater,as well as garbage leachate,antibiotic residue

关 键 词：电子束 辐照 废水处理 新污染物 难降解工业废水 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]