中国生态文明制度体系建设进展与走向  

Progress and prospects on institutional system construction ofecological civilization in China

作　　者：杨林生[1,2] 郭亚南 朱会义[1,2] 谢高地 廖晓勇[1] 葛全胜 YANG Linsheng;GUO Yanan;ZHU Huiyi;XIE Gaodi;LIAO Xiaoyong;GE Quansheng(Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟院重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2023年第12期1793-1803,共11页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA23100000);中国科学院战略研究与决策支持系统建设专项(GHJ-ZLZX-2022-12)。

摘　　要：十八大以来,我国生态文明建设从理论到实践都发生了历史性、转折性、全局性变化,生态文明制度体系的建设在此过程中起到了关键性的作用。文章利用2012年以来中央相关部委出台的生态文明体制改革文件和相关研究文献,分析了我国生态文明建设制度体系的形成和演化特征,剖析了代表性创新制度的发展历程,预估了进一步深化生态文明体制改革的走向。结果表明,从政策维度上看,生态文明制度可归纳为四大领域:绿色发展、环境治理、生态保护和综合类。其中,绿色发展类制度文件数量最多;从政策权能上看,发布单位以中央层面及多部委联合为主,具有较强的综合性;创新性生态文明制度大多都历经“探索—试点试验—总结与推广”的发展过程,不同制度间联系紧密,相互支撑,构成了极具中国特色的生态文明制度体系。通过梳理发现,未来我国深化生态文明体制改革的预期走向为:加强法律法规保障,强化制度间的高效协同,完善绿色低碳发展政策,加强美丽中国生态文明制度的评估和研究。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the construction of Ecological Civilization(EC)in China has undergone historic,transitional,and comprehensive changes from theory to practice.The construction of system is the core content and the basic guarantee for the success of EC construction.Based on the government documents of EC construction and related research literatures,this study analyzes the formation and evolution characteristics of China’s EC construction system,parses the development process of representative innovation policies,and then predicts the trend of the further deepening reform of EC system.The results show that the relevant policies of EC can be summarized into four categories:green development,environmental governance,ecological protection,and comprehensives.Among them,the number of policies for green development is the most.From the perspective of policy empowerment,the issuing organizations are mainly the central government or multi-ministerial joint effort,with a strong sense of comprehensiveness.Most of the EC policies have gone through the development process of“exploration-pilot test-promotion”.Different EC policies are integrated,and support each other,forming a sound EC system with Chinese characteristics.Therefore,the expected trend of the future deepening reform of China’s EC system includes the following four aspects:strengthening the guarantee of laws and regulations,strengthening the efficient coordination between systems,improving the green and low-carbon development policies,and strengthening the evaluation and research of EC system and Beautiful China.

关 键 词：生态文明 美丽中国 绿色发展 制度体系 体制改革 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]