我国油气行业甲烷核算方法优化的若干建议  

Suggestions for Optimizing Methane Accounting Methods in China′s Oil and Gas Industry

作　　者：徐薇[1,2,3] 何少林 刘博[1,2,3] 牛皓 宋阳[1,2,3] 余绩庆 徐英俊 XU Wei;HE Shaolin;LIU Bo;NIU Hao;SONG Yang;YU Jiqing;XU Yingjun(PetroChina Planning and Engineering Institute,Beijing 100083,China;The Ecology and Environment Branch of Center for Research and Development of Oil Shale Exploitation,Beijing 100083,China;CNPC Environmental Engineering Assessment Center,Beijing 100083,China;Appraisal Center for Environment and Engineering,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气股份有限公司规划总院,北京100083 [2]国家油页岩生态环境分中心,北京100083 [3]中国石油环境工程评估中心,北京100083 [4]生态环境部环境工程评估中心,北京100041

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2024年第1期26-30,66,共6页Environmental Impact Assessment

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“二氧化碳规模化捕集、驱油与埋存全产业链关键技术研究及示范”(2021ZZ01-04)。

摘　　要：油气行业甲烷减排是我国应对气候变化问题的重要手段。准确地开展甲烷核算工作是油气行业开展甲烷排放控制的基础。当前,我国油气行业甲烷核算方法存在的主要问题为缺乏全面详细准确的基础数据、缺乏油气行业本土化特征排放因子以及未建立非常规油气田特征排放因子等。本文在参照美国、加拿大和欧盟等的国际先进经验的基础上,结合我国国情,围绕强化基础监测并夯实核算数据、确定特征排放因子并统一甲烷核算方法、强化企业主体责任并持续加大监督力度等诸方面提出了我国油气行业甲烷核算方法优化建议。Reduction of methane emissions in the oil and gas industry is an important means for China to address climate change.Accurate accounting of methane emissions is the foundation for the oil and gas industry to carry out methane emissions control.At present,the main problems with methane accounting methods in China′s oil and gas industry are the lack of comprehensive,detailed and accurate basic data,the lack of localized emission factors,and the lack of characteristic emission factors for unconventional oil and gas fields.Based on advanced international experience of the United States,Canada and the European Union and China′s national conditions,this paper proposes optimization suggestions for methane accounting methods in China′s oil and gas industry,focusing on strengthening basic monitoring and tamping accounting data,determining characteristic emission factors and unifying methane accounting methods,strengthening corporate responsibility and continuously strengthening supervision.

关 键 词：气候变化 油气行业 甲烷排放 核算方法 

分 类 号：X74[环境科学与工程—环境工程]