近代橡胶工业制品销售机制变迁(1866—1937)  

The Evolution of Sales Mechanism for Rubber Products inModern China,1866-1937

作　　者：冯希 Feng Xi

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学中国近代史研究所

出　　处：《近代史学刊》2024年第1期159-178,293,294,共22页Journal of Modern Chinese History

摘　　要：橡胶工业作为中国近代新兴行业,其制品最初依赖进口,以洋行销售为主,具有一定的垄断性。一战后,借助传统买办的商业推销网,其销售以东、西洋庄或外国橡胶公司分厂为主,洋行的垄断被分散。20世纪二三十年代,民族橡胶工业兴起,工厂并无销售权,橡胶制品最初由东洋庄包销,实质是一种代销关系。随着工业资本需求的扩大,橡胶制品的经销方式发生转变,工厂将自设的销售体制与代理销售体制结合,通过层层类推,实现销售环节复杂化以及市场层级的搭建,最终将民族橡胶制品销售于农村基层市场。可以说近代华洋橡胶制品的销售机制,是一种新旧交替、互相补充的层级销售模式,随着社会环境以及橡胶工业发展的变迁做出调整。这种销售机制对中国橡胶制品市场的拓宽与下延发挥了重要作用,使民族橡胶制品在华洋竞争中取得了一定市场份额。As a new industry in modern China,the rubber industry initially relied on imported products,mainly sold by foreign banks,and had a certain monopoly.After the World War I,with the help of the traditional commercial sales network of the buyers,its sales to the Dongyangzhuang and Xiyangzhuang or foreign rubber company branch factories,the monopoly of the foreign bank was dispersed.In 1920 s and 1930 s,the rise of national rubber industry,factories do not have the right to sell,rubber products initially underwritten by the Dongyangzhuang,in essence,a sales relationship.With the expansion of industrial capital demand,the distribution of rubber products changed,the factory will set up its own sales system combined with the agency sales system,through the layers of analogy,to achieve the complexity of the sales chain and the construction of the market hierarchy,and ultimately national rubber products sold in the rural grass-roots market.It can be said that the sales mechanism of modern Chinese and foreign rubber products is a kind of new and old,complement each other’s tier sales model,adjusted with the social environment and the development of rubber industry.This sales mechanism has played an important role in the broadening and extension of the Chinese rubber products market,and has enabled the national rubber products to gain a certain market share in the Sino-foreign competition.

关 键 词：橡胶工业 销售机制 橡胶制品 近代 

分 类 号：F426[经济管理—产业经济]