高阶作用对植物-传粉者-植食动物集合群落续存的影响  

Effects of Higher-Order Interactions on the persistence of plant-pollinator-herbivore metacommunities

作　　者：叶曦 方笛熙 张锋 YE Xi;FANG Dixi;ZHANG Feng(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China;Statistics and Mathematics School,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230601 [2]云南财经大学统计与数学学院,昆明650221

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第1期246-255,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2102221)。

摘　　要：高阶作用通常指一个物种对另外两个物种之间相互作用强度的影响,对物种共存、群落构建及生物多样性具有重要影响。在集合种群水平上考虑了植食动物对动植物传粉关系造成的高阶作用,以及植食动物对传粉者的间接作用。通过分析基本生态过程,建立植物-传粉者-植食动物的集合群落模型,模型清楚地展示高阶作用和间接作用,可以用来研究它们对集合群落稳定性和续存的影响。结果表明:(1)互惠关系在集合群落尺度上会引起双稳态现象,说明了群落动态对初始条件的依赖性;(2)正高阶作用能够扩大集合群落双稳态的参数范围,负高阶作用和间接作用缩小它的参数范围,但都不会从本质上改变双稳态现象;(3)正高阶作用能够降低集合群落的灭绝阈值,增加集合群落稳定时的占有率,有利于集合群落续存,而负高阶作用和间接作用不利于续存。研究结果说明高阶和间接作用对调节多物种系统动态和物种共存具有重要作用。Higher-Order Interactions usually refer to the influence of one species on the strength of interactions between two other species.Although both theoretical and experimental studies have shown evidence of its significance,their role in ecosystems is often underestimated.In recent years,Higher-Order Interactions between organisms have become a hot spot in ecological research and have been shown to have important effects on species coexistence,community building and biodiversity.Higher-Order Interactions exist between plants,pollinators and herbivores:herbivores can have an impact on the reciprocal relationship between plants and pollinators,which includes both effects on the pollination effectiveness of pollinators on plants and the pollination returns of plants to pollinators.At the metapopulation level,the habitats of pollinators and herbivores are assumed to be plants distributed on different patches,and the local populations of the three are at risk of stochastic extinction.Then,Higher-Order Interactions resulting from herbivores altering reciprocal relationships between plants and pollinators,and indirect interactions resulting from herbivore-induced plant extinctions leading to pollinator extinctions,are considered on this basis.By analyzing the basic ecological processes among the three species of plants,pollinators and herbivores,a plant-pollinator-herbivore metacommunity model was developed from the interconversion of patch types and used to study their effects on metacommunity stability and persistence.To simplify the model,the mutual independence of pollinator and herbivore encroaching patches was assumed,and higher order terms containing Higher-Order Interactions and indirect interactions were derived,with which the formation of Higher-Order Interactions and indirect interactions are clearly demonstrated.Then,a simple analysis and computer simulation of the plant-pollinator-herbivore metacommunity model was conducted.The results show that(1)the reciprocal relationships can be bi-stable at the metacommun

关 键 词：互惠关系 植食关系 双稳态 集合种群模型 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]