蔬菜温棚作业人员职业性肌肉骨骼疾患调查  

Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among vegetable greenhouse workers

作　　者：吕鹤 常蕊 杨惠莲[1] 郭映花[1] 邢永华[2] LÜHe;CHANG Rui;YANG Huilian;GUO Yinghua;XING Yonghua(Department of Public Health,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810001,China;Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学医学部公共卫生系,青海西宁810001 [2]青海大学,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《预防医学》2024年第2期97-100,共4页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：青海大学中青年科研基金项目(2015-KY-6)。

摘　　要：目的 了解蔬菜温棚作业人员职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)的发生情况,分析其影响因素,为采取针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法 于2023年3—4月,采用整群抽样法抽取西宁市郊4个温棚蔬菜种植村的作业人员,通过问卷调查收集蔬菜温棚作业人员一般人口学资料、温棚作业和WMSDs情况;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析WMSDs的影响因素。结果 发放问卷550份,回收有效问卷518份,问卷有效率为94.18%。调查对象年龄以≥50岁为主,269人占51.93%。男性264人,占50.97%;女性254人,占49.03%。调查发现WMSDs 212例,占40.93%。受累部位主要包括腰、颈和背,分别为185、157和153例,占35.71%、30.31%和29.54%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟(OR=2.406,95%CI:1.133~5.110)、工作时长≥8 h/d (OR=6.618,95%CI:3.492~12.542)、搬运重物20 kg左右(OR=1.770,95%CI:1.013~3.092)者WMSDs风险较高。结论 西宁市蔬菜温棚作业人员40.93%发生WMSDs,受累部位主要包括腰、颈和背。吸烟、工作时长和搬运重物是蔬菜温棚作业人员WMSDs的影响因素。Objective To investigate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)and influencing factors among vegetable greenhouse workers,so as to provide insights into relevant intervention measurements.Methods Workers from 4 vegetable greenhouse villages were sampled in the suburbs of Xining City using a cluster sampling method from March to April 2023.Participants'demographic information,characteristics of greenhouse operation and prevalence of WMSDs were collected using questionnaire surveys.Factors affecting the prevalence of WMSDs among veg⁃etable greenhouse workers were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 550 ques⁃tionnaires were distributed,and 518 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective response rate of 94.18%.There were 264 males(50.97%)and 254 females(49.03%),and 269 participants(51.93%)aged 50 years and older.The prevalence of WMSDs among vegetable greenhouse workers was 40.93%(212 cases).Waist,neck and back were mainly affected,with 185(35.71%),157(30.31%),and 153(29.54%)cases,respectively.Multivariable logistic regres⁃sion analysis showed that workers who smoke(OR=2.406,95%CI:1.133-5.110),worked 8 hours and longer per day(OR=6.618,95%CI:3.492-12.542)and lift heavy loads of about 20 kg(OR=1.770,95%CI:1.013-3.092)had a higher risk of WMSDs.Conclusions WMSDs occurred in 40.93%of vegetable greenhouse workers in Xining City,and waist,neck and back were mainly affected.Smoking,working duration and lifting heavy loads may influence the prevalence of WMS⁃Ds among vegetable greenhouse workers in Xining City.

关 键 词：职业性肌肉骨骼疾患 蔬菜温棚作业人员 发生率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]