烧伤患者植皮术后创面愈合质量的影响因素及相关护理措施  

The Influencing Factors and Related Nursing Measures of Wound Healing Quality in Burn Patients after Skin Grafting Surgery

作　　者：曹梦溪 胡莉红[1] Cao Mengxi;Hu Lihong(The First People's Hospital of Jiujiang City,Jiangxi Province,Jiujiang Jiangxi 332000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省九江市第一人民医院,江西九江332000

出　　处：《医疗装备》2023年第24期155-158,共4页Medical Equipment

摘　　要：目的分析烧伤患者植皮术后创面愈合质量的影响因素,为制定针对性护理措施提供参考依据。方法选取2019年1月至2022年12月医院收治的164例烧伤植皮术患者作为研究对象,根据创面愈合质量分为愈合良好组、愈合差组。收集患者的一般资料,包括性别、年龄、烧伤原因、烧伤面积、是否合并糖尿病、酗酒吸烟史、术中纱布材质、术后换药次数、术后是否感染、是否合并高血压。采用单因素分析及多因素分析法分析烧伤患者植皮术后创面愈合质量的影响因素。结果164例烧伤患者经植皮术治疗后,甲级愈合55例,乙级愈合46例,丙级愈合63例。单因素分析结果显示,性别、烧伤原因、酗酒吸烟史、术后换药次数、是否合并高血压与创面愈合质量差无关(P>0.05);年龄、烧伤面积、是否合并糖尿病、术中纱布材质、术后是否感染与创面愈合质量差有关(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥40岁、烧伤面积≥50%、合并糖尿病、术中纱布材质为棉质纱布、术后感染均为影响烧伤患者植皮术后创面愈合质量的独立危险因素(OR>1且P<0.05)。结论年龄、烧伤面积、是否合并糖尿病、术中纱布材质、术后是否感染均为烧伤患者植皮术后创面愈合质量的主要影响因素,临床需采取针对性的护理措施,以促进创面愈合。Objective To analyze the influencing factors of wound healing quality in burn patients after skin grafting surgery,and provide reference basis for formulating targeted nursing measures.Methods With the selection of 164 burn skin grafting patients admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 as the research object,patients were divided into the good healing group and the poor healing group based on the quality of wound healing.With the collection of the general data of patients,including gender,age,burn cause,burn area,diabetes mellitus,history of alcoholism and smoking,gauze material during operation,times of postoperative dressing changes,postoperative infection,and hypertension,the influencing factors of wound healing quality after skin grafting in burn patients were analyzed by single factor analysis and multiple factor analysis.Results After skin grafting treatment,among 164 burn patients,55 cases were grade A healing,46 cases were grade B healing and 63 cases were grade C healing.The results of univariate analysis showed that gender,cause of burns,history of excessive drinking and smoking,frequency of postoperative dressing changes,and presence of hypertension were not related to poor wound healing quality(P>0.05);Age,burn area,diabetes,gauze material during operation and infection after operation were related to poor wound healing quality(P<0.05).The Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥40 years,burn area≥50%,diabetes,cotton gauze during operation,and postoperative infection were independent risk factors affecting the wound healing quality of burn patients after skin grafting(OR>1 and P<0.05).Conclusion With the age,burn area,diabetes,gauze material during the operation,and infection after the operation as the main factors affecting the wound healing quality of burn patients after skin grafting,targeted nursing measures should be taken in clinical practice to promote wound healing.

关 键 词：烧伤 植皮术 创面愈合质量 护理措施 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]