金属基吸附剂除氟技术及吸附机理研究进展  

Research Progress on Fluorine Removal Technology and Adsorption Mechanism of Metal-based Adsorbents

作　　者：崔小梅 肖方景 赵远昭 魏延丽 谢民生 布多[1] 张强英[1] CUI Xiao-mei;XIAO Fang-jing;ZHAO Yuan-zhao;WEI Yan-li;XIE Min-sheng;BU Duo;ZHANG Qiang-ying(School of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学生态环境学院,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《化学试剂》2024年第2期80-87,共8页Chemical Reagents

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22266032);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0603);西藏自治区科技厅中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(XZ202202YD0016C);中央支持地方高校改革发展计划项目(藏财科教指[2022]1号,[2023]1号)。

摘　　要：氟化物是水污染评价的重要指标之一,高浓度氟化物对饮用水安全构成了威胁,因此开发高效、低成本、高选择性的除氟技术是当前研究的重点。在沉淀、膜分离、离子交换、电絮凝和吸附等除氟技术中,吸附除氟是目前最有前景的技术之一。众多吸附材料中,金属基吸附剂因独特的结构和形貌、优异的吸附性能,被广泛应用于水体除氟研究。综述了铝、铁、稀土基等典型金属吸附剂的开发和改性,阐述了金属基吸附剂制备工艺的强化方法,对比分析了各类金属基吸附剂性能的影响因素,总结了金属基吸附剂的吸附机理和再生技术,提出了金属基吸附剂在除氟领域存在困难和未来发展趋势,为后续金属基吸附剂的开发改性、工艺强化提供理论参考。Fluoride plays a crucial role in assessing water pollution,especially concerning drinking water safety at elevated concentrations.Consequently,the current research emphasizes the development of fluoride removal technologies that are efficient,cost-effective,and highly selective.Among various methodologies for fluoride removal,including precipitation,membrane separation,ion exchange,and electroflocculation,adsorption stands out as a particularly promising technique.Metal-based adsorbents,such as aluminum,iron,and rare earth-based materials,have gained widespread attention due to their unique structural and morphological characteristics,along with superior adsorption performance in water fluoride elimination.This paper provided a comprehensive review of the evolution and enhancement of emblematic metal-based adsorbents.It detailed the methods employed to enhance the fabrication process of these adsorbents,compares and analyzes variables impacting the efficiency of diverse metal-based adsorbents,and encapsulates the adsorption mechanisms and regeneration technology associated with them.Furthermore,the article highlighted the challenges and prospective developmental trends of metal-based adsorbents in the field of fluoride removal.This serves as a valuable reference for subsequent research on the refinement and development of metal-based adsorbents and process intensification.

关 键 词：氟 金属基吸附剂 开发和改性 工艺强化 吸附机理 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]