快掘面风流动态调控参数与压抽比对粉尘运移的影响及降尘分析  

Influence of Dynamic Control Parameters of Air Flow and Pressure Pumping Ratio on Dust Migration and Dust Reduction Analysis of Fast Excavation Face

作　　者：龚晓燕[1] 李相斌 陈龙[1] 裴晓泽 付浩然 王天舒 张红兵[1] 薛河[1] GONG Xiaoyan;LI Xiangbin;CHEN Long;PEI Xiaoze;FU Haoran;WANG Tianshu;ZHANG Hongbing;XUE He(College of Mechanical Engineering,Xi′an University of Science and Technology,Xi′an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第1期124-131,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:52374226);联合基金项目—企业—陕煤联合基金项目(编号:2021JLM-01)。

摘　　要：随着矿山快掘设备的逐渐引进,快掘面粉尘污染问题愈加严重。为有效减少快掘面生产过程中的粉尘污染,设计出风流动态调控降尘净化系统,通过调节风流的状态并设计了不同工况下的风流调控方案,以降低司机处粉尘浓度与粉尘的扩散距离。以陕西某矿快掘面为例,建立了风流—粉尘耦合场有限元模型,并对模型进行了井下验证;分析了风流动态调控降尘净化系统中出风口偏角、出风口缩放口径、出风口距端头距离及风量压抽比4个参数对风流与粉尘场的影响规律;设计正交试验分析了各参数与司机处粉尘浓度与粉尘扩散距离之间的关联性,确定了最佳调控净化方案。结果表明:各参数对司机处粉尘浓度与粉尘扩散距离影响程度的显著性排序由大到小依次为风量压抽比、出风口偏角、出风口距端头距离、出风口缩放口径。确定的最佳调控净化方案为出风口距离端头10 m、出风口偏角20°、出风口缩放口径1.0 m及风量压抽比1。设计搭建试验平台进行了准确性及净化效果测试验证,模拟值与试验值的平均误差小于8.91%,净化后司机处粉尘浓度由327.22 mg/m^(3)降低至156.47 mg/m^(3),降低了52.18%,粉尘扩散距离由39.74 m缩短至25.91 m,缩短了34.80%,有效改善了快掘面的空气环境。With the gradual introduction of fast mining equipment,the problem of dust pollution on fast mining surface is more and more serious.In order to effectively reduce dust pollution in the production process of fast excavation surface,a dy-namic air flow control dust removal purification system is designed.By adjusting the state of air flow and designing air flow con-trol schemes under different working conditions,the dust concentration and dust diffusion distance at the driver are reduced.A finite element model of wind-dust coupling field was established based on the fast excavation surface of a mine in Shaanxi Prov-ince,and the model was verified underground.The effects of four parameters,namely,outlet deviation angle,outlet scaling aper-ture,outlet distance from end and air volume pressure pumping ratio,on air flow and dust field in dynamic air flow control and dust removal system were analyzed.Orthogonal test was designed to analyze the correlation between the parameters and the dust concentration and dust diffusion distance,and the optimal control and purification scheme was determined.The results show that the effects of each parameter on the dust concentration and dust diffusion distance at the driver are as follows:air volume pressure extraction ratio,outlet deviation angle,outlet distance from the end,outlet scaling aperture.The optimal control and purification scheme was determined as 10 m from the end of the outlet,20°from the deviation angle of the outlet,1.0 m zoom of the outlet and 1 air volume pressure pumping ratio.The test platform was designed and built to test the accuracy and purifi-cation effect.The average error between the simulated value and the test value was less than 8.91%.After purification,the dust concentration at the driver's place was reduced from 327.22 mg/m3 to 156.47 mg/m3,a decrease of 52.18%,and the dust dif-fusion distance was shortened from 39.74 m to 25.91 m.Shorten by 34.80%,which effectively improves the air environment of the fast digging surface.

关 键 词：矿井通风 快掘面 空气净化 风流动态调控 数值模拟 气固两相流 

分 类 号：TD72[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]