有限回采空间内贫矿资源无底柱分段崩落法低贫损开采方案研究  

Study on Low Dilution and Loss Mining Scheme of Sublevel Caving Method for Low-grade Deposit Resource in Limited Mining Space

作　　者：谭宝会[1] 王虎 张志贵[1] 王永定 龙卫国 龚臻 何建元 陈星明[1] TAN Baohui;WANG Hu;ZHANG Zhigui;WANG Yongding;LONG Weiguo;GONG Zhen;HE Jianyuan;CHEN Xinming(School of Environment and Resources,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China;Longshou Mine,Jinchuan Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinchang 737100,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]金川集团有限公司龙首矿,甘肃金昌737100

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第1期182-190,共9页Metal Mine

基　　金：镍钴资源综合利用国家重点实验室开放基金项目(编号:GZSYS-KY-2021-022);西南科技大学博士基金项目(编号:21zx7157)。

摘　　要：做好无底柱分段崩落法的贫损控制对于矿山经济效益及环境保护具有重要意义,但当矿床开采条件复杂、矿石品位较低时,矿石贫损控制难度将会大幅增加,在此条件下如何做好矿石贫损控制一直是崩落法开采方向的重要关注点。金川龙首矿西二采区无底柱分段崩落法采场仅可布置4个分段,回采空间十分有限,不利于矿石的贫损控制,加之西二采区矿石品位较低但经济价值较高,因此在开采过程中需要严格控制矿石贫损。针对西二采区的复杂开采条件及贫损控制需求,提出了一种“首采分段总量控制出矿、中间分段低贫化出矿、最末分段低贫化出矿+辅助进路回收残留矿石”的组合式低贫损回采方案。以西二采区为工程背景,设计并制作了一种高仿真度的物理放矿模型并对该方案展开了试验研究。结果表明:即便是在暂时不考虑回收最末分段残留矿石的情况下,该方案可使西二采区崩落法采场的矿石回收率达到75.6%,而废石混入率仅为6.0%,在确保矿石回收率的基础上显著降低了矿石贫化。该方案在现场应用后,实际的矿石回收指标与试验结果基本接近,表明该方案在西二采区有限回采空间内实现了贫矿资源低成本、高质量回收的总体目标。It is of great significance for the economic benefit of the mine and environmental protection to do a good job in the ore loss and dilution control of sublevel caving.However,when the mining conditions of the deposit are complex and the ore grade is low,the difficulty of loss and dilution control will increase significantly.Under this condition,how to do a good job in ore loss and dilution control has always been an important concern in the direction of mining by sublevel caving method.The stope of sublevel caving method in West No.2 Mining Area of Longshou Mine can only be arranged with 4 sublevels,and the mining space is very limited,which is not conducive to the control of ore dilution and loss.In addition,the ore grade in West No.2 Mining Area is low but the economic value is high,so it is necessary to strictly control the ore dilution and loss in the mining process.In view of the complex mining conditions and dilution control requirements in the West No.2 Mining Area,a combined low dilution and loss recovery scheme of"total controlled ore drawing in the first mining sublevel,low dilution ore drawing in the middle sublevels,and low dilution ore drawing in the last sublevel+auxiliary drifts recovery of residual ore"has been constructed.A physical ore-drawing model with high simulation is designed and made to carry out the experimental study on this scheme.The experimental results show that the scheme can make the ore recovery rate of the sublevel caving stope reach 75.6%,while the waste rock mixing rate is only 6.0%,even without considering the recovery of residual ore in the last sublevel,which significantly reduces the ore dilution on the basis of ensuring the ore recovery rate.After the scheme is applied in the field,the actual ore recovery index is basically close to the experimental results which indicates that the physical experi-ment has played a good role in predicting and guiding the field production,helping to achieve the overall goal of low cost and high-quality recovery of poor ore resources in the

关 键 词：无底柱分段崩落法 贫矿资源 有限回采空间 放矿试验 贫损控制 

分 类 号：TD853.36[矿业工程—金属矿开采]