混合型限流熔断器触发装置用电流互感器铁芯结构设计  

Design of Current Transformer Core Structure for Hybrid Current-limiting Fuse Trigger Device

作　　者：李枫 关涛 孙忠鹏 LI Feng;GUAN Tao;SUN Zhongpeng(Naval Research Institute,Beijing 100161,China)

机构地区：[1]海军研究院,北京100161

出　　处：《电源学报》2024年第1期229-235,共7页Journal of Power Supply

摘　　要：针对短路电流保护装置的电流测控单元因电子元器件失效或电源掉电而导致保护装置拒动的问题,提出了一种无源电磁式电流互感器,分析了触发装置的工作原理,根据铁芯材料的磁化特性曲线,确定了互感器有效工作区间内铁芯的最大磁感应强度。针对铁芯在大电流条件下磁通容易饱和的问题,通过仿真分析了气隙分布对互感器内磁感应强度的影响。设计出在短路电流峰值为15 kA时仍可有效工作的电磁式电流互感器铁芯结构,三维瞬态电磁场仿真显示短路电流上升率为20 A/μs、二次绕组匝数为30匝时,铁芯二次绕组侧输出电压不小于14 V。最后设计制作了采用无源电磁式电流互感器作为触发装置的混合型限流熔断器工程样机,并进行了短路电流检测实验,实验结果与仿真基本一致,证明了铁芯设计的准确性和有效性。Aimed at the problem that the failure of electronic components or power off in the current control unit of a short-circuit current protection device will lead to a protection failure,a passive electromagnetic current transformer is proposed.The working principle for the trigger device is analyzed,and the maximum magnetic flux of iron core within the effective working range of the transformer is determined according to the magnetization curve of the core material.Considering that the magnetic flux in the iron core is easily saturated at a large current,simulations are performed to analyze the influence of air gap distribution on magnetic flux intensity in the transformer.An electromagnetic current transformer core structure is designed,which can still effectively work at the 15 kA short-circuit current peak.The 3D transient electromagnetic simulations show that when the short-current rising rate is 20 A/μs and the number of turns in the secondary winding is 30,the output voltage from the secondary winding is not less than 14 V.Finally,an engineering prototype of hybrid current-limiting fuse with a passive electromagnetic current transformer as its trigger device was made,and a short-circuit current detection test was carried out.The experimental results basically agreed with simulations,indicating the accuracy and validity of the design of iron core.

关 键 词：电流互感器 触发装置 短路电流 开气隙铁芯结构 混合型限流熔断器 

分 类 号：TM452[电气工程—电器]