轮轨润滑对地铁小半径曲线段外轨磨耗影响  

Impact of Wheel-rail Lubrication on Outer Rail Wear in Metro Small Radius Curved Segments

作　　者：罗信伟 张斌[2] 汪龙洋 冯青松[2] LUO Xinwei;ZHANG Bin;WANG Longyang;FENG Qingsong(Guangzhou Metro Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,510010,Guangzhou,China;State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring and Protecting of Rail Transit Infrastructure,East China Jiaotong University,330013,Nanchang,China)

机构地区：[1]广州地铁设计研究院股份有限公司,广州510010 [2]华东交通大学轨道交通基础设施性能监测与保障国家重点实验室,南昌330013

出　　处：《城市轨道交通研究》2024年第2期73-77,共5页Urban Mass Transit

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51608202,51878277);江西省重点研发计划"揭榜挂帅"项目(20223BBE51009)。

摘　　要：[目的]地铁线路小半径曲线段的数量占比高、钢轨磨耗严重,通过润滑改变轮轨接触区的摩擦因数可以有效降低钢轨磨耗,因此有必要对轮轨润滑与钢轨磨耗之间的影响关系进行研究。[方法]介绍了润滑减磨理论;建立侧磨预测模型,将钢轨侧磨量为5 mm作为1个阶段,仿真计算不同侧磨阶段下的外轨磨耗规律;结合润滑减磨仿真计算结果,提出相应的外轨润滑措施。[结果及结论]钢轨上道初期,当钢轨出现侧磨后进行润滑,润滑减磨效果不显著;当钢轨侧磨量达到5~10 mm时,润滑涂敷效果差别显著,可以延缓钢轨磨耗发展时间至少3个月;外轨磨耗后期,钢轨侧磨速度明显加快,润滑涂敷效果差别不显著。建议在钢轨出现侧磨后进行润滑涂敷,当钢轨侧磨量达到5~10 mm时,对钢轨进行重点润滑涂敷。轮轨润滑可以降低钢轨磨耗速率,减缓曲线外轨磨耗发展,延长钢轨使用寿命,降低维修成本。[Objective]For metro lines with high proportion of small radius curved segments and severe rail wear,lubrication can alter wheel-rail contact area friction coefficient and in turn effectively reduce rail wear,thus it is necessary to study the relationship between wheel-rail lubrication and rail wear.[Method]The theory of lubrication and wear reduction is introduced.A side wear prediction model is established,considering 5 mm of rail side wear as one stage,the law of outer rail wear at different stages of side wear is simulated and calculated.Based on the simulation calculation results of lubrication and wear reduction,corresponding outer rail lubrication measures are proposed.[Result&Conclusion]During the initial stage of rail service,rail lubrication measures after the side wear can not significantly reduce wear.When rail side wear reaches 5-10 mm,the effect of lubrication is evidently significant and can delay the development of rail wear by at least 3 months.In the later stage of outer rail wear,the speed of rail side wear accelerates significantly,and the difference in lubrication coating effect is not significant.It is recommended to apply lubrication on rail after the side wear,and to prioritize lubrication when rail side wear reaches 5-10 mm.Wheel-rail lubrication can reduce rail wear development speed,slowing down the development of outer rail wear in curved segments,prolonging rail service life and reducing maintenance costs.

关 键 词：地铁 小半径曲线 轮轨润滑 

分 类 号：U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U213.42