井炮同步激发采集技术在塔北—塔中沙漠区的应用  

Application of synchronous excitation acquisition technology in desert area of Tabei⁃Tazhong

作　　者：杨连刚 朱运红 宋金鹏 罗新生[1] 康婷婷 田浩男 YANG Liangang;ZHU Yunhong;SONG Jinpeng;LUO Xinsheng;KANG Tingting;Tian Haonan(Tarim Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Korla,Xinjiang 841000,China;Tarim Geophysical Division,BGP Inc.,CNPC,Korla,Xinjiang 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油塔里木油田公司,新疆库尔勒841000 [2]东方地球物理公司塔里木物探处,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2024年第1期61-69,共9页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区库尔勒市石化大道26号塔指小区勘探开发研究院,841000。Email:[e-mail]。

摘　　要：近年来,塔里木油田在台盆区沙漠地带采取“区带整体部署,集中高效采集”的方式加快该区高精度三维地震资料全覆盖部署,地震资料采集面临工作量大、采集时窗短、多支队伍同时施工等诸多挑战。多支地震队施工距离较近造成的数据混叠严重影响深层有效弱信号,通过延长激发时间间隔和轮换交替施工方式势必大幅降低生产效率。为此,通过室内数值模拟定性分析及工区内大炮检距、长排列试验资料和现场录制的120 s长背景记录定量分析,综合建立数据混叠分析时间—空间图板,明确了沙漠区数据混叠的类型及产生机理,提出不同距离条件下井炮激发方案,并成功应用于富满油田Ⅱ区2408 km2沙漠连片三维地震采集。生产实践表明,所提方法可有效地规避数据混叠,在此基础上,采集日效提高约35%,确保了项目优质、高效、按期完成,夯实了油气高效勘探开发资料基础,为大沙漠区连片三维采集提供了借鉴,也为改进防重炮装备系统提供了技术思路。In recent years,Tarim Oilfield has adopted the method of“overall deployment of the regional belt and centralized and efficient acquisition”in the desert area of the platform area in Tarim Basin,accelerating the full coverage of high⁃precision 3D seismic data in the area.Seismic acquisition faces many challenges such as heavy workload,short acquisition time window,and simultaneous construction by multiple teams.Blending caused by the close construction distance of multiple seismic teams will seriously affect the effective weak sig⁃nals in deep layers,and extending the excitation time interval and the alternate acquisition will greatly reduce the acquisition production efficiency.To solve this problem,this paper conducts the qualitative analysis of nu⁃merical simulation and the quantitative analysis of large offset and long array test data in the work area and the 120 s long background record recorded in the field.It comprehensively establishes the time⁃space chart of data blending analysis and defines the types and mechanism of data blending in the desert area.Finally,the stimula⁃tion schemes of borehole shooting under different distance conditions are proposed,which have been success⁃fully applied to the 2408 km2 continuous 3D seismic acquisition of the desert in Area II of Fuman Oilfield.The practice indicates that the proposed method effectively avoids interference from blending,improves the daily ef⁃ficiency of acquisition by about 35%,and ensures that the project is high⁃quality,efficient,and completed on schedule.The method consolidates the database for efficient oil and gas exploration and development,provides a reference for 3D seismic acquisition in large desert areas,and contributes technical ideas for improving synchronous excitation systems.

关 键 词：三维地震采集 沙漠区 数据混叠 同步激发 井炮激发 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]