江西不同生境五个长林系列油茶生长和产量的相关分析  

Correlation analysis of growth and yield of five Changlin series of Camellia oleifera in different habitats of Jiangxi Province

作　　者：程离 闫梦 任志华 曹冰 刘会云 刘娟[1] 张文元[1] 胡冬南[1] CHENG Li;YAN Meng;REN Zhihua;CAO Bing;LIU Huiyun;LIU Juan;ZHANG Wenyuan;HU Dongnan(Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture/College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学亚热带森林资源培育江西省重点实验室/林学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2024年第1期139-151,共13页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国自然科学基金项目(32060362);江西省林业局油茶研究专项:YCYJZX[2023]121。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在明确5个长林系列油茶(Camellia oleifera Abel.)与区域生境之间的关系,为江西省不同地区选择种植油茶品种提供理论支持。【方法】在江西东、南、西、北、中5个区域共设置了13个固定监测样地,测定并分析5个长林系列油茶在不同区域的树体生长性状、果实形态特征、果实产量、果实经济性状等指标;计算各参试性状的重复力和变异系数,并对参试性状与生境进行相关分析。【结果】5个长林品种参试性状在不同区域差异显著,株高、冠幅等生长性状整体表现为在江西南部较为迅速。长林3、长林4和长林40的果实形状区域特征差异不显著,长林18生长较差,果形指数小于1,显著低于其他4个品种。果实经济性状总体表现为江西西部比北部、东部更好,其中长林53果实横纵径、单果重、单果体积、鲜出籽率、单株产量、单位投影面积产量均表现较好。参试性状的重复力较高,均大于0.6。单位产量和单位面积产量变异系数波动范围较大(29.52%~66.06%),种仁含油率变异系数波动范围较小(8.76%~12.78%)。参试性状与年均降水和土壤PH的相关性不显著,与经度,纬度、海拔、年均温度等存在一定相关性,表现为株高和冠幅与海拔呈显著负相关,与速效钾和碱解氮呈显著正相关;地径和经度呈显著正相关;干出籽率与经度和纬度呈显著负相关。【结论】江西5个长林系列油茶从南到北树体逐渐高大,产量逐渐增加,但果实经济指标逐渐变差。长林53、长林3单株产量和单位投影面积产量较高,是丰产型树种可在全省推广,长林18可在赣东、赣西两个区域作为配栽品种少量种植。该研究为江西省不同地区选择种植油茶品种提供了理论支持。[Objective]This study aims to clarify the relationship between the five Changlin series of oil tea(Camellia oleifera Abel.)and regional habitats,thus providing theoretical support for the selection of oil tea varieties to be planted in different areas of Jiangxi Province.[Method]A total of 13 fixed monitoring sample plots were set up in five regions of east,south,west,north and central Jiangxi.The tree growth traits,fruit morphological characteristics,fruit yield,fruit economic traits and other indexes of five Changlin series oil teas in different regions were measured and analyzed;the repeatability and coefficient of variation of each participant trait were calculated.Correlation analysis were also conducted between the participating traits and habitats[.Result]The participating traits of the five Changlin varieties differed significantly in different regions,and the overall performance of plant height,crown width and other growth traits was more rapid in southern Jiangxi.There was no significant difference in the regional characteristics of fruit shape among Changlin 3,Changlin 4 and Changlin 40.The growth of Changlin 18 was worse,the fruit shape index was less than 1,which was significantly lower than that of the other four varieties.The overall performance of fruit economic traits of western Jiangxi was better than those in northern and eastern Jiangxi,with Changlin 53 performing better in fruit transverse and longitudinal diameters,weight per fruit,volume per fruit,fresh seed yield,yield per plant,and yield per unit of projected area.Repeatability of the participant traits was higherthan 0.6.The coefficients of variation for yield per unit and yield per unit area fluctuated within a wide range(29.52%-66.06%),and the coefficients of variation for seed kernel oil content fluctuated within a small range(8.76%-12.78%).There was no significant correlation between the participant traits and average annual precipitation as well as soil PH,and there was a certain correlations between longitude,latitude,altitude and

关 键 词：油茶 生境 产量 经济性状 相关性 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]