白背黄花稔环境和饲养方式对宁都黄鸡体尺、屠宰性能、肉品质以及血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Sida rhombifolia L.environment and raising modes on growth performance,meat performance and serum biochemical indices of Ningdu yellow chickens

作　　者：刘水兵 方文杰 李兴辉 李小卫 周明芳 郭志豪 刘三凤[1,2] 毛辉荣[1,2] 陈彪 LIU Shuibing;FANG Wenjie;LI Xinghui;LI Xiaowei;ZHOU Mingfang;GUO Zhihao;LIU Sanfeng;MAO Huirong;CHEN Biao(College of Animal Science and Technology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,330045,China;Institute of Poultry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Agricultural and Rural Affairs Bureau of Ningdu County,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 342800,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学动物科学技术学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学家禽研究所,江西南昌330045 [3]江西省宁都县农业农村局,江西赣州342800

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2024年第1期210-219,共10页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：江西省现代家禽产业技术体系资助项目(JXARS-09);江西省重点研发计划项目(20161BBF60087)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在探究种植白背黄花稔(Sida rhombifolia L.)的散养环境和不同饲养方式对宁都黄鸡体尺性状、屠宰性能、肉品质以及血清生化指标的影响,为宁都黄鸡养殖模式选择和优化提供科学依据。【方法】选择180只72 d宁都黄鸡母鸡,随机分成3组:白背黄花稔种植环境散养组(SF组)100只、不含白背黄花稔环境散养组(NSF组)50只、笼养组(CK组)30只。两个散养组饲养密度相同。121 d时,每个组随机选取10只鸡测定体尺、屠宰性能、肉品质以及血清生化指标。【结果】(1)体尺性状方面,与NSF组相比,SF组体斜长、龙骨长、胸宽显著升高(P<0.05);CK组龙骨长、胸宽、胫长显著降低(P<0.05)。(2)屠宰性能与肉品质方面,较之NSF组,CK组半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、肌胃指数、脾脏指数、肌束内肌纤维数量显著降低(P<0.05),宰前体重、屠体重、肝脏指数、腹脂率、卵巢指数、输卵管指数、肠长、胸肌pH值、肌束膜厚度显著升高(P<0.05);SF组肌胃指数显著降低(P<0.05)。(3)血清生化指标方面,较之NSF组,CK组白蛋白(ALB)显著降低(P<0.05),尿素氮(BUN)和谷丙转氨酶(ALTGPT)显著升高(P<0.05);SF组尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐(CRE)显著降低(P<0.05)。【结论】散养模式能促进宁都黄鸡体尺性状发育、提高屠宰性能和免疫器官发育,可显著降低肉质pH值,以及改善机体蛋白质代谢和肝脏代谢功能。白背黄花稔环境下散养可促进宁都黄鸡体尺发育,可减缓宁都黄鸡肾脏损伤。[Objective]This experiment aims to investigate the impact of the free-rearing system supplemented with Sida rhombifolia L.and raising modes on body measurement,slaughter performance,meat quality and serum biochemical indices of Ningdu yellow chickens.[Method]A total of 180 female Ningdu yellow chickens at 72-day-old were randomly divided into 3 groups:100 birds of free-rearing with Sida rhombifolia L.(SF),50 birds of free-rearing without planting Sida rhombifolia L.(NSF)and 30 birds of cage-rearing system(CK).Two groups of free-ranging individuals were maintained at an equivalent population density.At the age of 121 days,a sample of ten chickens was randomly chosen from each group to undergo body measurement,slaughter performance evaluation,meat quality assessment,and analysis of serum biochemical indices.[Result](1)For body measurement,SF group showed significantly increased body slope length,keel length,and chest width compared to the NSF group(P<0.05).Conversely,CK group exhibited significantly reduced keel length,chest width,and shank length compared with the NSF group(P<0.05).(2)For slaughter performance and meat quality,compared with those of NSF group,percentage of half-eviscerated yield with giblet,percentage of eviscerated yield,percentage of breast muscle yield,gizzard index,spleen index and number of fibers in muscle bundle were notably reduced in CK group(P<0.05)and live weight before slaughter,dressed weight,liver index,percentage of abdominal fat yield,ovary index,oviduct index,intestinal length,the pH value of breast muscle and perimysium thickness were dramatically increased in CK group(P<0.05);gizzard index was significantly reduced in SF group(P<0.05).(3)For serum biochemical indices,CK group exhibited a notable decrease in albumin(ALB)levels and a significant increase in blood urea nitrogen(BUN)levels and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(ALT-GPT)levels compared with those of the NSF group(P<0.05).Compared with the NSF group,SF group displayed a significant reduction in blood urea nitrogen(BUN)leve

关 键 词：宁都黄鸡 白背黄花稔 体尺 屠宰性能 肉品质 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S831.4[农业科学—畜牧学]