低氮胁迫下不同皮燕麦品种早期的响应研究及耐低氮性综合评价  

Responses of different oat cultivars to low-nitrogen stress

作　　者：罗颖[1] 李聪 王沛[1] 田莉华[1] 汪辉 周青平[1] 雷映霞 LUO Ying;LI Cong;WANG Pei;TIAN Li-hua;WANG Hui;ZHOU Qing-ping;LEI Ying-xia(Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学四川若尔盖高寒湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,四川成都610041

出　　处：《草业学报》2024年第2期164-184,共21页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金青年基金(2023NSFSC1134);中央高校基本科研业务费(ZYN2022019)资助。

摘　　要：为探讨在低氮胁迫下皮燕麦早期的形态、生理响应以及筛选出耐低氮皮燕麦品种,本研究以18种不同皮燕麦品种为材料,采用水培法,设置全氮(4 mmol·L^(-1),CK)和1/10 N(0.4 mmol·L^(-1),LN)两个氮浓度水平,在处理21 d后,对低氮胁迫下皮燕麦的7项形态指标和14项生理指标进行测定和分析;通过相关性分析、主成分降维分析提取影响因子,结合隶属函数分析和聚类分析进行综合评价。结果表明:1)低氮胁迫下不同皮燕麦品种早期的株高、地上部生物量、硝态氮含量、硝酸还原酶活性、谷氨酰胺合成酶活性、谷氨酸脱氢酶活性、可溶性糖含量与可溶性蛋白含量均呈下降趋势;谷氨酸合成酶活性、丙二醛含量、活性氧含量均呈上升趋势;根长、地下部生物量、根冠比变化趋势不尽相同;2)21项生理指标中有12对指标呈极显著相关性,根冠比(RSR)与地下部干重(RDW)呈极显著正相关关系,谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)与可溶性蛋白(SP)呈极显著负相关;3)低氮胁迫下皮燕麦的生物量、氮代谢因子、光合因子、抗氧化因子、渗透调节因子可作为评价耐低氮性的重要指标;4)18份皮燕麦可划分为3大类,青海甜燕麦和青海444这两份品种耐低氮能力较强,为耐低氮型品种,甜燕2号和青燕2号这两份皮燕麦品种的耐低氮能力较弱,为氮敏感型品种,其余材料耐低氮性居中。In this study,we aimed to investigate the morphological and physiological responses of oat(Avena sativa)to low-nitrogen stress,and to screen for A.sativa cultivars that are tolerant to low-nitrogen conditions.Eighteen A.sativa cultivars were grown using a hydroponic system with two different nitrogen concentrations:sufficient nitrogen(4 mmol·L^(-1),CK)and low nitrogen(0.4 mmol·L^(-1),LN).After 21 days of treatment,seven morphological indexes and 14 physiological indexes were measured and analyzed.The data were subjected to correlation analysis and principal component analysis,and a comprehensive evaluation was carried out by combining a cluster analysis and a membership function analysis.The results showed that:1)Under low-nitrogen stress,the plant height,aboveground biomass,nitrate nitrogen content,nitrate reductase activity,glutamine synthase activity,glutamate dehydrogenase activity,soluble sugars content,and soluble protein content showed a decreasing trend;glutamate synthase activity,malondialdehyde content,and reactive oxygen species content showed an increasing trend;and the changes in root length,underground biomass,and root-shoot ratio varied.2)Among the 21 physiological indicators,12 pairs showed significant correlations.Among these 12,the root:shoot ratio and root dry weight were significantly positively correlated,and glutamine synthetase activity and soluble protein content were significantly negatively correlated.3)Biomass,nitrogen metabolism factors,photosynthetic factors,antioxidant factors,and osmotic regulatory factors of A.sativa under low-nitrogen stress were identified as important indicators of tolerance to low-nitrogen conditions.4)The 18 cultivars of A.sativa were divided into three categories:strongly tolerant,moderately tolerant,and sensitive.The strongly tolerant varieties included Qinghai sweet oat and Qinghai 444.The sensitive varieties included Haywire and Qingyan No.2.

关 键 词：皮燕麦 耐低氮性 生理响应 综合评价 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学]