西南岩溶区深埋隧洞涌水条件分析及涌水量预测——以滇中引水工程大坡子隧洞为例  

Analysis of water inflow conditions and prediction for water inflow of deep-buried tunnels in the karst area of Southwest China:Taking Dapozi tunnel of central Yunnan Water Diversion Project as an example

作　　者：罗一鸣 成建梅 徐文杰 巴净慧 黄盛财 段天宇 LUO Yiming;CHENG Jianmei;XU Wenjie;BA Jinghui;HUANG Shengcai;DUAN Tianyu(School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430078,China;Yunnan Geological Engineering the Second Investigation Institute Co.,Ltd.,Kunming,Yunnan 650218,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430078 [2]云南地质工程第二勘察院有限公司,云南昆明650218

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2023年第6期1224-1236,共13页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：滇中引水工程Ⅱ标段重点隧洞地下水模型研究(2021046356)。

摘　　要：隧洞涌水预测是隧洞安全施工的重要保证,而分析涌水条件、识别涌水来源是涌水量预测的前提。本文以滇中引水工程大坡子隧洞为研究对象,通过分析研究区地层岩性、地质构造,结合地下水水化学特征、同位素结果,厘清了研究区地下水的水文地质条件,确定了隧洞涌水补给来源;在此基础上,利用解析法和数值法对隧洞最大单位涌水量和正常单位涌水量进行计算,并将预测涌水量与实测涌水量进行了对比。其中,基于FEFLOW构建的地下水流数值模型,耦合模拟区域宏观流场的同时,采用多时间序列与各类内边界综合赋值的方法刻画动态施工过程。结果表明:解析法可以在工程初勘设计阶段高效计算隧洞涌水量,但不能动态预测隧洞涌水变化且在地下水位较高区段预测精确度不如数值法;数值法能够精细刻画含水系统结构、参数分布以及隧洞施工工况,能较精确预报施工涌水量变化;故采用解析-数值方法可以显著提高涌水量预测效率和精度。本文采用的方法和模型对于大风险隧洞突涌水灾害防控具有重要意义。The karst area in Southwest China is characterized by complex terrain and karst development,with a large area of exposed carbonate rocks and a wide distribution of karst depressions and valleys on the surface.Therefore,this area is highly subject to water inflow in tunnel construction.The Dapozi tunnel area of the central Yunnan Province is a deep-buried tunnel in the karst area,in which exist many faults and very complex hydrogeological conditions.Therefore,it is necessary to predict the tunnel inflow during construction by analyzing the water inflow conditions and identifying its sources,which can ensure the safety of tunnel construction.Currently,numerical and analytical methods are commonly used to predict water inflow.The analytical methods mainly calculate the water inflow of tunnel through empirical calculation formulas.However,most of these methods are based on some assumptions and specific boundary conditions,which may limit their applicability in complex cases.The numerical method can simulate complex geological conditions by obtaining accurate data about geological characteristic,but its accuracy is restricted by the accuracy of borehole data in numerical calculation.Therefore,the mutual supplementation of numerical and analytical methods can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of water inflow prediction.Besides,most of the previous studies only predicted the water inflow of tunnel in the survey and design stage.But they did not describe the actual construction progress in the model,and the accuracy of prediction results conducted separately with numerical or analytical methods were not verified by the actual water inflow data.By analyzing the stratigraphic lithology and geological structure of the strata in the study area,we preliminarily identified the construction sections with the risks of water inflow.Based on hydrogeological surveys,we collected water samples from tunnels,springs,and wells in the study area to measure the geochemical characteristics of groundwater.Furthermore,we ana

关 键 词：西南岩溶区 深埋隧洞 涌水条件 涌水量 解析法 数值法 

分 类 号：P641.134[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]