鲜胶乳熟化时间对天然橡胶组成及性能的影响  

Effects of latex maturation time on composition and properties of natural rubber

作　　者：李建伟 黄红海[1,2] 李云 丁丽 戴拓[1,2] 赵立广 吴凡 桂红星 LI Jian-wei;HUANG Hong-hai;LI Yun;DING Li;DAI Tuo;ZHAO Li-guang;WU Fan;GUI Hong-xing(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China;Hainan Natural Rubber Cultivation and Processing Engineering Research Center,Haikou 571101,China;Mengla Tianye Rubber Sales Co.,Xishuangbanna 666303,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南海口571101 [2]海南省天然橡胶栽培与加工工程研究中心,海南海口571101 [3]勐腊田野橡胶销售有限责任公司,云南西双版纳666303

出　　处：《应用化工》2024年第1期45-48,共4页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发部省联动计划项目(2022YFD2301203);国家天然橡胶产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-33-JG1)。

摘　　要：采用复合保存剂HY/NH 3保存鲜胶乳1~5 d,定期取样凝固制备成天然生胶,以胶乳熟化时间为1 d的样品作对照样,探究鲜胶乳熟化时间对天然橡胶组成、性能的影响。分别采用红外光谱仪、核磁共振交联密度仪、拉力试验机等仪器对天然橡胶进行表征。结果表明,鲜胶乳熟化可以减少天然生胶中杂质、灰分、挥发物的含量,提高塑性保持率及交联密度;混炼胶的焦烧时间、正硫化时间、扭矩差值以及硫化胶的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、定伸应力等均有提高;胶乳熟化3 d制备的天然橡胶综合性能最好,其硫化胶的拉伸强度、撕裂强度分别达到20.47 MPa、30.38 kN/m,比对照样提高了3.5%和7.0%。The fresh latex was preserved using the composite preservative HY/NH 3 for 1~5 d,regular sampling and solidification to prepare raw rubber.A sample with a latex maturation time of 1 d was used as a control sample to investigate the effect of maturation time of fresh latex on the composition and properties of natural rubber.The natural rubber was characterised using instruments such as infrared spectroscopy,nuclear magnetic resonance crosslink density and tensile testing machines,respectively.The results showed that the maturation of fresh latex could reduce the content of impurities,ash and volatiles in raw rubber sheets,and improve the plasticity retention index and cross-link density.The scorch time,positive vulcanization time,torque difference of compounded rubber and tensile strength,tear strength,constant tensile stress of vulcanized rubber were all improved.The natural rubber prepared from the fresh latex for 3 d of maturation had the best overall performance,and the tensile strength and tear strength of vulcanized rubber reached were up to 20.47 MPa and 30.38 kN/m,respectively,an increase of 3.5%and 7.0%compared to the control sample.

关 键 词：天然橡胶 胶乳熟化 非胶组分 物理机械性能 

分 类 号：TQ331.2[化学工程—橡胶工业]