“双碳”政策下重油催化裂解技术研究进展  

Research progress of heavy oil deep catalytic cracking under“Double Carbon”policy

作　　者：彭特 龚剑洪 朱金泉 PENG Te;GONG Jian-hong;ZHU Jin-quan(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《应用化工》2024年第1期200-205,217,共7页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFA1501204);中国石化股份有限公司十条龙科技攻关项目(118028)。

摘　　要：从重油催化裂解反应机理的研究概况、重油催化裂解分子筛催化材料的分析对比、不同重油催化裂解工艺的技术特点和工业应用情况等三个方面进行了总结,综述了国内外重油催化裂解技术的研究进展。改性分子筛催化剂材料、小晶粒分子筛、多级孔分子筛等成为目前研究和应用的热点,以强化重油催化裂解的催化剂的水热稳定性、晶内扩散和重油大分子在梯级孔内的分级裂化,基于催化裂解反应正碳离子机理和自由基机理等研究,DCC、CPP、HCC、RTC和HSFCC等重油催化裂解技术的反应苛刻度不断提高,为匹配不同进料所需最优反应环境的差异,新型反应器或多反应器组合技术成为工艺技术研发的主要方向,已达到提高低碳烯烃产率和选择性的目的。The research progress of heavy oil catalytic cracking technology at home and abroad is summarized from three aspects:the research survey of reaction mechanism of heavy oil catalytic cracking,the analysis and comparison of molecular sieve catalytic materials for heavy oil catalytic cracking,the technical characteristics and industrial application of different heavy oil catalytic cracking processes.Firstly,modified molecular sieve catalyst materials,small-crystal molecular sieves,hierarchical pore molecular sieves have become hot spots in current research and application,so as to strengthen the hydrothermal stability of catalyst,the intracrystalline diffusion and the graded cracking of heavy oil macromolecules in the hierarchical pores of the heavy oil catalytic cracking catalyst;secondly,based on the research of the carbonium ion mechanism and the free radical mechanism of the catalytic cracking reaction and the like,the reaction severity of heavy oil catalytic cracking technologies such as DCC,CPP,HCC,RTC and HSFCC is continuously improved,and in order to match the optimal reaction environment for different feeds,new reactor or multi-reactor combination technology has become the main direction of process technology research,which has achieved the purpose of improving the yield and selectivity of light olefins.

关 键 词：重油 催化裂解 分子筛催化剂 

分 类 号：TQ02[化学工程] TQ07[理学—有机化学] TQ21[理学—化学] O62