人工智能、产品创新与制造业适应性转型  

Artificial Intelligence,Product Innovation and Adaptive Upgrading of Manufacturing Industry

作　　者：谢康[1] 卢鹏 盛君叶 肖静华[1] 孙浩博 XIE Kang;LU Peng;SHENG Jun-ye;XIAO Jing-hua;SUN Hao-bo(School of Business,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学管理学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期84-95,共12页Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“制造企业数字化转型与管理适应性变革研究”(72032009);“互联网环境下大数据驱动的企业与用户互动创新理论、方法和应用研究”(71832014)。

摘　　要：人工智能(AI)对产品开发、运营和营销等企业价值链的影响正在改变制造业转型升级的机制与路径。围绕AI如何通过影响产品创新推动制造业转型升级,本文依托相关研究成果提炼AI区别于其他数字技术的核心创新特征,剖析AI对产品创新的影响机制,并通过AI影响个体、企业、产业的跨层次分析框架,从产品创新视角提出AI影响制造业转型升级的适应性变革概念模型,探讨AI通过产品创新影响制造业适应性转型的机制与路径,形成三个主要结论:(1)新社会主体、生成性、知识积累方式突变性构成AI区别于其他数字技术的三个核心创新特征;(2)AI作为新社会主体角色介入产品企划、结构工艺等开发环节,改变或增强了人类智能的产品开发思维,拓展了产品开发的知识边界;(3)AI增强产品创新与运营过程、市场营销和销售的全价值链即时互动和调整,构建起平衡制造敏捷性与用户敏捷性冲突的自适应调节机制,推动制造业通过产业快速自适应调节涌现出自适应间断平衡的转型路径。The impact of artificial intelligence(AI)on the value chain of firms such as product development,operation,and marketing is changing the mechanism and path of the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry.Centering around how AI can promote transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry through its influence on product innovation,and based on the existing literature,this paper extracts core innovative features of AI that differs from other digital technology,analyzes its influence mechanism,and through cross-level analysis framework of AI’s influence on individual,enterprises,and industry,puts forward a conceptual model of adaptive change about AI’s influence on transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry from the perspective of product innovation,discusses mechanism and path of AI’s influence on adaptive transformation of manufacturing through product innovation,and draws the following conclusions:(1)the new social subject,generativity,and mutability of knowledge accumulation constitute AI’s three core innovation features,which distinguish it from other digital technologies;(2)AI engages in product planning,structural engineering,and other development processes,which changes or enhances the product development mindset of human intelligence and expands the knowledge boundaries of product development;(3)AI strengthens the real-time interaction and adjustment of the whole value chain including product innovation and operation,marketing and retailing,which builds an adaptive mechanism that balances the conflict between manufacturing-oriented agility and user-oriented agility,leading to the emergence of adaptive intermittent transformational path through the rapid adaptive adjustment in the manufacturing industry.

关 键 词：人工智能 产品创新 新社会主体 制造业转型升级 适应性变革 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] F424.6[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]