罗城仫佬语、土拐话kh■η^(1)的多功能性及其演变  

The Multifunctional Morpheme kh■η^(1) and Its Evolution in Mulao Language and Tuguai Dialect in Luocheng

作　　者：洪波[1] 覃兰惠 HONG Bo;QIN Lanhui

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学文学院

出　　处：《汉语学报》2024年第1期56-67,共12页Chinese Linguistics

摘　　要：广西罗城仫佬语、土拐话共享一个多功能语素kh■η^(1),其词汇来源是汉语的“空”。kh■η^(1)不仅存在于罗城仫佬语和土拐话当中,也广泛存在于广西境内的民族语言以及毗邻的越芒语族语言当中。本文详细刻画罗城仫佬语和土拐话kh■η^(1)的各种虚化功能,在此基础上构拟仫佬语kh■η^(1)的两条演变路径,即(一)平行于汉语“否则”类连词的演变路径:kh■η^(1)_(否定)>kh■η^(1)_(否定假设)>kh■η^(1)_(选择)>kh■η^(1)_(建议、请求),kh■η^(1)_(否定假设)>kh■η^(1)_(醒悟);(二)kh■η^(1)_(否定)>kh■η^(1)_(语气词)。土拐话kh■η^(1)的连词用法是复制仫佬语kh■η^(1)的连词功能而来的。A multifunctional morpheme kh■η^(1) is shared by Mulao language and Tuguai dialect in Luocheng of Guangxi,which originates from the Chinese character kong.Besides,kh■η^(1) also widely exists in the minority languages within Guangxi and the adjacent languages of Viêt-M ng.In this paper,various grammatical functions of kh■η^(1) in Luocheng Mulao language and Tuguai dialect are elaborated.On this basis,two evolution paths of kh■η^(1) in Mulao language are reconstructed,namely,(1)kh■η^(1)_(negation)>kh■η^(1)_(negative hypothesis)>kh■η^(1)_(selection)>kh■η^(1)_(suggestion)_(and request),kh■η^(1)_(negative hypothesis)>kh■η^(1)_(awakening),apath parallel to the evolution of Chinese conjunctions of fouze category;and(2)kh■η^(1)_(negation)>kh■η^(1)_(modal particle).The conjunctional use of kh■η^(1) in Tuguai dialect is a replication of kh■η^(1) in Mulao language.

关 键 词：仫佬语 土拐话 kh■η^(1) 演变 来源 

分 类 号：H275[语言文字—少数民族语言] H17