论大型平台企业数据交易强制缔约义务  

On Compulsory Contracting Obligations of Large Platform Enterprises in Data Transactions

作　　者：孙清白 Sun Qingbai

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学人文与社会科学学院法律系

出　　处：《中外法学》2024年第1期241-260,共20页Peking University Law Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“数字经济发展视野下商业数据交易规则体系建构研究”(项目编号:22CFX078)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在数字经济发展过程中,大型平台企业积累了海量数据资源,与中小市场主体之间形成“数据鸿沟”,一些中小市场主体需要大型平台的数据支持方能持续经营。但大型平台为了维护竞争优势,会拒绝中小市场主体合理的数据交易请求,而数据爬取又因受到法律约束,无法满足中小市场主体的数据获取需求。由于适用反垄断法框架下的“必要设施原则”和“拒绝交易责任”无法有效破解“数据鸿沟”问题,为平衡大型平台的数据权益及中小市场主体的发展权益,应回归民商法路径推动大型平台开放数据,建立大型平台数据交易强制缔约义务制度。在构建大型平台数据交易强制缔约义务制度时,应当谨慎设置适用条件并明确制度内涵,防止该制度过度适用造成负面效果。In the process of digital economic development,large platform enterprises have accumulated a large amount of data resources,creating a“digital divide”between large platforms and small and medium market players.Some small and medium market players need the data support of large platforms to continue their business.However,in order to maintain competitive advantages,large platforms tend to refuse reasonable data transaction requests of small and medium market players,and data crawling cannot meet the data acquisition needs of small and medium market players due to the great constraints of law.Since the application of the“essential facility doctrine”and“refusal to deal”under the framework of antimonopoly law cannot effectively solve the problem of“digital divide”,in order to balance the data rights and interests of large platforms and the development rights and interests of small and medium market players,it should return to the path of civil and commercial law to promote the data opening of large platforms and establish the compulsory contracting obligations of large platform in data transactions.When constructing the compulsory contracting obligation system of large platform in data transactions,caution should be exercised to set the applicable conditions and to clarify the system connotation to prevent the negative effects caused by the excessive application of the system.

关 键 词：大型平台 数据鸿沟 数据交易 强制缔约义务 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]