不同授粉方式对“台农1号”百香果果实性状的影响  

Effects of Different Pollination Methods on Fruit Characters of Passion Fruit

作　　者：徐丽 冯红玉[2] 陈媚 赵亚南[2] 高玲 杨福孙[1] XU Li;FENG Hongyu;CHEN Mei;ZHAO Yanan;GAO Ling;YANG Fusun(College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan,570228,China;Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan,571101,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院,海口570228 [2]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海口571101

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第1期38-43,共6页South China Fruits

基　　金：2023年机构改革专项—百香果反季节设施栽培应用(PZS2023005);西番莲种质资源收集保存及利用2023;百香果育种联合攻关2023项目资助。

摘　　要：生产上发现授粉方式对百香果发育及果实性状产生较大影响,为揭示其具体影响方式,以“台农1号”紫果百香果为材料,设置异株异花、同株异花、自花授粉3种授粉方式,测定比较不同授粉方式的果实成熟时间、着果率、果实外观性状、内在品质和种子性状等,并分析各性状指标间的相关性。结果表明,异株异花授粉和自花授粉着果率较高,分别达到98.3%和96.7%;不同授粉方式的单果质量和单果种子数存在显著性差异,从高到低依次为自花授粉>异株异花授粉>同株异花授粉;自花授粉和异株异花授粉可食率较高,而自花授粉果实纵径、横径最大。单果质量与果实横径均呈显著正相关,果实横径与果实纵径也呈极显著正相关;异株异花授粉和同株异花授粉果实单果质量与单果种子数呈显著正相关;同株异花授粉的果实固酸比与成熟时间呈极显著正相关,与可滴定酸呈极显著负相关。推测不同授粉方式对供试百香果品种果实性状影响较大。The method of pollination has a significant impact on the development and fruit characteristics of passion fruit.To reveal its influence and mechanism,this experiment used purple fruit passion fruit as material and adopted three types of pollination methods of interplant cross-pollination,intraplant cross-pollination,and self-pollination.Fruit maturing time,fruit set rate,fruit appearance and shape,fruit internal quality and seed traits were determined,and the correlations between the various trait indicators was analyzed.The results showed:(1)The fruit set rate of interplant cross-pollination and self-pollination plants was high,reaching 98.3%and 96.7%,respectively.(2)There were significant differences on single fruit weight and single fruit seed number among different pollination methods,in the order of self-pollination>interplant cross-pollination>intraplant cross-pollination.The edible rate of the fruit by self-pollination and interplant cross-pollination was higher,while the fruit length and width by self-pollination were the largest.(3)There was a significant positive correlation between single fruit weight and fruit width,and fruit width and fruit length also had an extremely significant positive correlation.The single fruit weight and single fruit seed number of interplant cross-pollination and intraplant cross-pollination showed an extremely significant positive correlation.The ratio of soluble solid to acid of the fruit of intraplant cross-pollination showed an extremely significant positive correlation with the maturation of fruit,and extremely significant negative correlation with the titratable acid.

关 键 词：“台农1号” 百香果 异株异花 授粉 单果质量 显著相关 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]