不同时期放梢和不同生长阶段喷施多效唑对福建地区爱文杧果成花着果的影响  

Effect of Spraying Paclobutrazol at Different Shoot Releasing Periods and Growth Stages on Flower Formation and Fruit Setting of Irwin Mango in Fujian Province

作　　者：张丽梅[1] 余东[1] 许家辉[1] HANG Limei;YU Dong;XU Jiahui(Fruit Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian,350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院果树研究所,福州350013

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第1期120-123,129,共5页South China Fruits

基　　金：福建省属公益类科研院所专项(2021R1028007、2022R1028001)资助。

摘　　要：调查了福建地区爱文杧果在9月上旬至11月下旬3个月内不同时期放梢对结果枝成花着果的影响,分析了结果枝的矿质营养状况,研究了在嫩梢期、转绿期、老熟期3个不同生长阶段喷施不同浓度多效唑(PP333)控、放梢效果及其对成花着果的影响。结果表明:爱文杧果结果枝适宜放梢期范围较大,除当年气候条件能直接影响爱文杧果成花和着果外,结果枝的长度、粗度、叶片数和叶片矿质营养状况也是影响成花和着果的重要因素,在正常年份爱文杧果放梢期最好在9月下旬,这个时期放梢结果枝最长,叶片N元素含量最高,现穗率达100%,平均单枝挂果数最多。多效唑处理时间早、浓度低有利于杧果提早开花,而处理的时间迟、浓度高则比对照延迟开花。在嫩梢期多效唑低质量浓度处理效果优于高质量浓度处理;老熟期则相反,多效唑低质量浓度处理效果低于高质量浓度处理。Effect of different shoot release periods on flower formation and fruit setting of fruiting branch of Irwin mango was investigated from early September to late November in Fujian province.The mineral nutrition status of the fruiting branches was analyzed and effects of spraying different concentrations of paclobutrazol(PP333)during young shoot period,shoot greening period and shoot maturity period on control and release of shoots,flowering and fruit setting were studied.The results showed that there was a wide range of suitable period of shoot release for fruiting branch in Irwin mango.Except the climate conditions of the year,which directly affected the flower formation and fruit setting of Irwin mango,the length and width,leaf number and leaf mineral nutrition status of fruiting branch were also important factors affecting flower formation and fruit setting.In normal years,late September is the best shoot release period that Irwin mango could have the longest fruiting branch,highest content of N elements in leaves,100%of inflorescence initiation rate and the largest number of fruits per branch.Early spraying and low concentration of PP333was beneficial for early flowering of mango,while late spraying and high concentration caused delayed flowering.During young shoot period,low concentration of PP333could result in better effect than that of high concentration.However,in shoot maturity period,high concentration of PP333could result in better effect than that of low concentration.

关 键 词：爱文杧果 放梢期 结果枝 着果 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]