土壤条件对蓝莓光合作用和叶片氮、磷、钾含量的影响  

Effects of Soil Conditions on Photosynthesis and Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Contents of Blueberry Leaves

作　　者：张怡彬 秦洪波[1] 郭伦发[1] 潘燕林 王新桂[1] 江新能[1] ZHANG Yibin;QIN Hongbo;GUO Lunfa;PAN Yanlin;WANG Xingui;JIANG Xinneng(Guangxi Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guilin,Guangxi,541006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第1期143-149,共7页South China Fruits

基　　金：广西自然科学基金(2020GXNSFAA297017);广西植物研究所基本业务费(桂植业23012)共同资助。

摘　　要：以盆栽南高丛蓝莓品种“绿宝石”为研究材料,设置土壤pH值、有机肥(多酶菌剂有机肥,有机质大于80%,复合菌大于10亿/g)施用量和珍珠岩施用量不同组合的土壤条件,对不同土壤条件及不同生长时期蓝莓叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度、蒸腾速率以及叶片氮、磷、钾含量进行比较,探究土壤条件对蓝莓健康生长的影响。结果表明,土壤pH值、有机肥施用量和珍珠岩施用量不同组合土壤条件对蓝莓叶片光合参数和叶片氮、磷、钾含量具有显著影响。萌芽期,最佳处理土壤条件为土壤pH值4.2、园土∶有机肥∶珍珠岩=33.6∶4∶1(质量比),叶片净光合速率达到11.23μmol CO_(2)·m^(-2)·s^(-1)。生长旺期,最佳土壤条件为土壤pH值5.8、园土∶有机肥∶珍珠岩=23.7∶1.3∶1(质量比),叶片最大净光合速率达到10.11μmol CO_(2)·m^(-2)·s^(-1)。挂果期,最佳处理土壤条件为土壤pH值5.8、园土∶有机肥∶珍珠岩=67.2∶8∶1(质量比),叶片净光合速率为8.78μmol CO_(2)·m^(-2)·s^(-1)。Potted Emerald blueberry seedlings were used as research materials,and orthogonal experiments were set up for different combination of soil conditions with different soil pH values,different amounts of organic fertilizer and perlite applications.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,transpiration rate and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents of blueberry leaves in different key periods of blueberry growth under different soil conditions were compared to explore the effect of soil condition on healthy growth of blueberry plants.The results showed that combination of soil conditions with different soil pH values,amount of organic fertilizer and perlite applications had significant effects on photosynthetic parameters,and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents of blueberry leaves.At the budding stage,the optimal soil conditions were soil pH value of 4.2,14.4 kg of organic fertilizer application,and 3,600 g of perlite application,with net photosynthetic rate up to 11.23μmol CO_(2)·m^(-2)·s^(-1).In the vigorous growth period,the optimum soil conditions were soil pH value of 5.8,7.2 kg of organic fertilizer application,5,400 g of perlite application,and the maximum net photosynthetic rate reached 10.11μmol CO_(2)·m^(-2)·s^(-1).At fruiting stage,the optimal soil conditions were soil pH value of 5.8,14.4 kg of organic fertilizer application,1,800 g of perlite application,and net photosynthetic rate reached 8.78μmol CO_(2)·m^(-2)·s^(-1).

关 键 词：蓝莓 光合作用 土壤条件 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]