妊娠期PM_(2.5)暴露与足月低体重儿的关联分析  

Association analysis between PM_(2.5) exposure during pregnancy and full-term low birth weight infants

作　　者：李思思 张艳赏[1] LI Sisi;ZHANG Yanshang(Department of Obstetrics,Hebei General Hospital,Hebei,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省人民医院产科,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2024年第1期142-145,169,共5页China Medicine And Pharmacy

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究课题计划(20190325)。

摘　　要：目的探讨孕期各阶段PM_(2.5)暴露与足月低体重儿发生风险的关系。方法收集2015年9月1日至2017年12月31日在河北省22个危重孕产妇监测点分娩的118783名孕产妇住院资料,并收集其孕期各阶段的空气质量监测数据;根据足月新生儿是否低体重儿,将其分为足月低体重儿组和足月非低体重儿组,比较两组的孕期PM_(2.5)暴露情况,采用logistic回归模型分析其对足月低体重儿患病的影响。结果足月低体重儿组孕期各阶段PM_(2.5)暴露水平明显高于足月非低体重儿组(P<0.05);妊娠期暴露于PM_(2.5)会增加足月低体重儿的发生风险;全孕期、孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期PM_(2.5)暴露浓度每增加10μg/m3,足月低体重儿的发生风险分别增加4.9%、1.6%、1.7%、1.5%;高龄妊娠、低龄妊娠、产检次数少、初产、多产次(产次≥2)、多胎妊娠、胎儿女性、孕妇患妊娠高血压疾病、前置胎盘、胎盘早剥、心脏病均为足月低体重儿的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期高浓度PM_(2.5)暴露会显著增加足月低体重儿的发生风险,应注意做好孕期防护。Objective To explore the association between PM_(2.5) exposure at various stages of pregnancy and the risk of full-term low birth weight infants.Methods The hospitalization data of 118783 critically ill pregnant women who gave birth at 22 monitoring points in Hebei Province from September 1,2015 to December 31,2017,and air quality monitoring data for each stage of pregnancy were collected.According to whether the full-term newborn was a low birth weight infant,the total population was divided into a full-term low birth weight infant group and a full-term non-low birth weight infant group.The PM_(2.5) exposure during pregnancy between the two groups was compared,and the impact on the disease of full-term low birth weight infants was analyzed using a logistic regression model.Results The PM_(2.5) exposure levels at all stages of pregnancy in the full-term low birth weight infant group were significantly higher than those in the full-term non-low birth weight infant group(P<0.05).Exposure to PM_(2.5) during pregnancy increases the risk of fullterm low birth weight infants.Every increase of 10μg/m3 in PM_(2.5) exposure concentrations during full pregnancy,early pregnancy,mid-pregnancy,and late pregnancy increased the risk of full-term low birth weight infants by 4.9%,1.6%,1.7%,and 1.5%,respectively.Older pregnancy,younger pregnancy,fewer prenatal examinations,first birth,multiple births(≥2 births),multiple pregnancies,female fetus,pregnant women suffering from hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy,placenta praevia,placental abruption,and heart disease are all independent risk factors for full-term low birth weight infants(P<0.05).Conclusion Exposure to high concentrations of PM_(2.5) during pregnancy can significantly increase the risk of full-term low birth weight infants,and it is important to take precautions during pregnancy.

关 键 词：低体重儿 空气污染 PM_(2.5) 细颗粒物 

分 类 号：R122.7[医药卫生—环境卫生学]