铝化物涂层拓扑密排相的研究进展  

Research Progress on Topologically Close-Packed Phases of Aluminide Coatings

作　　者：黄良阳 齐浩雄 马瑞 孟国辉 刘梅军 杨冠军[1] HUANG Liangyang;QI Haoxiong;MA Rui;MENG Guohui;LI U Meijun;YANG Guanjun(State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《材料保护》2024年第2期98-107,147,共11页Materials Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB2010403)资助。

摘　　要：铝化物涂层因其良好的抗高温氧化能力而被应用于航机和燃机叶片的高温防护。在涂层制备与服役过程中,涂层与基体元素互扩散,使基体的相结构发生转变,导致在涂层/基体界面形成互扩散区(IDZ),并析出富含Re、W、Cr、Mo等元素的细小拓扑密排相(TCP相)。TCP相的析出导致固溶强化效果减弱,同时作为一种脆性相促进了裂纹的产生,此外,互扩散区的形成减小了基体的承载面积,导致基体的高温蠕变性能下降。针对涂层TCP相的析出及IDZ的形成机理进行了介绍,分析了TCP相的类型(σ相、μ相、P相)、特点及对基体性能的危害。添加铂族改性元素和预沉积Ni层是抑制TCP相析出的主要方法,添加改性元素可以增大固溶元素的固溶度,并抑制TCP相的生长和成核,而预沉积Ni层可以减小固溶强化元素的扩散。最后,展望了未来可通过添加多元改性元素或元素改性与预沉积Ni相结合的方法来抑制铝化物涂层TCP相的析出。Aluminide coatings are used for high temperature protection of aeroengine and gas turbine blades due to their excellent high tempera-ture oxidation resistance.However,during the process of coating preparation and service,the elements of the coating and substrate diffuse into each other.This diffusion alters the structure of the substrate phase,leading to the formation of an interdiffusion zone(IDZ)at the coating/substrate interface.It also results in the precipitation of the fine topologically close-packed phase(TCP),rich in elements like Re,W,Cr,Mo,etc.The precipitation of the TCP phase weakens the solution strengthening effect,and as a brittle phase,it promotes the formation of cracks.Additionally,the formation of the IDZ reduces the bearing area of the substrate,leading to a decline in the high-temperature creep properties of the substrate.In this paper,the precipitation of the TCP phase and the formation mechanism of the IDZ of the coatings were de-scribed.Subsequently,the types of TCP phases(σphase,μphase,P phase),their characteristics,and their harm to the performance of sub-strate were introduced.The primary methods to suppress TCP phase precipitation include adding platinum group modified elements and pre-de-positing Ni layers.The additions of modified elements increase the solid solubility of solid solution elements,inhibiting TCP phase growth and nucleation,while the pre-deposited Ni layers reduce the diffusion of solid solution strengthening elements.Finally,it was expected that in the future,the precipitation TCP phase of aluminide coatings could be suppressed by adding multi-element modified elements and the combination of elemental modification and pre-deposition of Ni.

关 键 词：铝化物涂层 元素互扩散 拓扑密排相 改性元素 预沉积 NI 

分 类 号：TG174.44[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]